An Introduction to the Study of Robert Browning's Poetry






Rabbi Ben Ezra.

       1.

     Grow old along with me!
     The best is yet to be,
     The last of life, for which the first was made:
     Our times are in His hand
     Who saith, “A whole I planned,
     Youth shows but half; trust God:  see all, nor be afraid!”
 

— St. 1. Grow old along with me!: I understand that the aged Rabbi is addressing some young friend. The best is yet to be, the last of life:

  “By the spirit, when age shall o’ercome thee, thou still shalt enjoy
  More indeed, than at first when, unconscious, the life of a boy.”
              —‘Saul’, 162, 163.
       2.

     Not that, amassing flowers,
     Youth sighed, “Which rose make ours,
     Which lily leave and then as best recall?”
      Not that, admiring stars,
     It yearned, “Nor Jove, nor Mars;
     Mine be some figured flame which blends, transcends them all!”
 
       3.

     Not for such hopes and fears
     Annulling youth’s brief years,
     Do I remonstrate:  folly wide the mark!
     Rather I prize the doubt
     Low kinds exist without,
     Finished and finite clods, untroubled by a spark.

— St. 2, 3. The construction is, I do not remonstrate that youth, amassing flowers, sighed, Which rose make ours, which lily leave, etc., nor that, admiring stars, it (youth) yearned, etc.

       4.

     Poor vaunt of life indeed,
     Were man but formed to feed
     On joy, to solely seek and find and feast;
     Such feasting ended, then
     As sure an end to men;
     Irks care the crop-full bird?  Frets doubt the maw-crammed beast?

— St. 4. Irks care: does care irk. . .does doubt fret. . .

       5.

     Rejoice we are allied
     To That which doth provide
     And not partake, effect and not receive!
     A spark disturbs our clod;
     Nearer we hold of God
     Who gives, than of His tribes that take, I must believe.

— St. 5. Nearer we hold of God: have title to a nearer relationship. See Webster, s.v. Hold, v.i. def. 3. {No edition is given.}

       6.

     Then, welcome each rebuff
     That turns earth’s smoothness rough,
     Each sting that bids nor sit nor stand but go!
     Be our joys three-parts pain!
     Strive, and hold cheap the strain;
     Learn, nor account the pang; dare, never grudge the throe!
       7.

     For thence,—a paradox
     Which comforts while it mocks,—
     Shall life succeed in that it seems to fail:
     What I aspired to be,
     And was not, comforts me:
     A brute I might have been, but would not sink i’ the scale.

— St. 7. What I aspired to be: “‘tis not what man Does which exalts him, but what man Would do.”—‘Saul’, v. 296.

       8.

     What is he but a brute
     Whose flesh hath soul to suit,
     Whose spirit works lest arms and legs want play?
     To man, propose this test—
     Thy body at its best,
     How far can that project thy soul on its lone way?

— St. 8. Thy body at its best, How far, etc.: “In our flesh grows the branch of this life, in our soul it bears fruit.”—‘Saul’, v. 151.

       9.

     Yet gifts should prove their use:
     I own the Past profuse
     Of power each side, perfection every turn:
     Eyes, ears took in their dole,
     Brain treasured up the whole;
     Should not the heart beat once “How good to live and learn”?

— St. 9. the Past: he means the past of his own life.

       10.

     Not once beat “Praise be Thine!
     I see the whole design,
     I, who saw Power, see now Love perfect too:
     Perfect I call Thy plan:
     Thanks that I was a man!
     Maker, remake, complete,—I trust what Thou shalt do!”
 

— St. 10. The original reading of the 3d verse was, “I, who saw Power, SHALL see Love perfect too.” The change has cleared up a difficulty. The All-Great is now to me, in my age, the All-Loving too. Maker, remake, complete: there seems to be an anticipation here of the metaphor of the Potter’s wheel, in stanzas 25-32, and see Jer. 18:4.

       11.

     For pleasant is this flesh;
     Our soul, in its rose-mesh
     Pulled ever to the earth, still yearns for rest:
     Would we some prize might hold
     To match those manifold
     Possessions of the brute,—gain most, as we did best!
       12.

     Let us not always say
     “Spite of this flesh to-day
     I strove, made head, gained ground upon the whole!”
      As the bird wings and sings,
     Let us cry “All good things
     Are ours, nor soul helps flesh more, now, than flesh helps soul!”
 
       13.

     Therefore I summon age
     To grant youth’s heritage,
     Life’s struggle having so far reached its term:
     Thence shall I pass, approved
     A man, for aye removed
     From the developed brute; a God though in the germ.

— St. 13. Thence shall I pass, etc.: It will be observed that here and in some of the following stanzas, the Rabbi speaks in the person of youth; so youth should say to itself.

       14.

     And I shall thereupon
     Take rest, ere I be gone
     Once more on my adventure brave and new:
     Fearless and unperplexed,
     When I wage battle next,
     What weapons to select, what armor to indue.
       15.

     Youth ended, I shall try
     My gain or loss thereby;
     Leave the fire ashes, what survives is gold:
     And I shall weigh the same,
     Give life its praise or blame:
     Young, all lay in dispute; I shall know, being old.
       16.

     For, note when evening shuts,
     A certain moment cuts
     The deed off, calls the glory from the gray:
     A whisper from the west
     Shoots—“Add this to the rest,
     Take it and try its worth:  here dies another day.”
 
       17.

     So, still within this life,
     Though lifted o’er its strife,
     Let me discern, compare, pronounce at last,
     “This rage was right i’ the main,
     That acquiescence vain:
     The Future I may face now I have proved the Past.”
 
       18.

     For more is not reserved
     To man, with soul just nerved
     To act to-morrow what he learns to-day:
     Here, work enough to watch
     The Master work, and catch
     Hints of the proper craft, tricks of the tool’s true play.
       19.

     As it was better, youth
     Should strive, through acts uncouth,
     Toward making, than repose on aught found made:
     So, better, age, exempt
     From strife, should know, than tempt
     Further.  Thou waitedst age:  wait death, nor be afraid!
       20.

     Enough now, if the Right
     And Good and Infinite
     Be named here, as thou callest thy hand thine own,
     With knowledge absolute,
     Subject to no dispute
     From fools that crowded youth, nor let thee feel alone.

— St. 20. knowledge absolute: soul knowledge, which is reached through direct assimilation by the soul of the hidden principles of things, as distinguished from intellectual knowledge, which is based on the phenominal, and must be more or less subject to dispute.

       21.

     Be there, for once and all,
     Severed great minds from small,
     Announced to each his station in the Past!
     Was I, the world arraigned,
     Were they, my soul disdained,
     Right?  Let age speak the truth and give us peace at last!

— St. 21, vv. 4, 5. The relatives are suppressed;—Was I whom the world arraigned, or were they whom my soul disdained, right?

       22.

     Now, who shall arbitrate?
     Ten men love what I hate,
     Shun what I follow, slight what I receive;
     Ten, who in ears and eyes
     Match me:  we all surmise,
     They, this thing, and I, that:  whom shall my soul believe?
       23.

     Not on the vulgar mass
     Called “work”, must sentence pass,
     Things done, that took the eye and had the price;
     O’er which, from level stand,
     The low world laid its hand,
     Found straightway to its mind, could value in a trice:
       24.

     But all, the world’s coarse thumb
     And finger failed to plumb,
     So passed in making up the main account:
     All instincts immature,
     All purposes unsure,
     That weighed not as his work, yet swelled the man’s amount:
       25.

     Thoughts hardly to be packed
     Into a narrow act,
     Fancies that broke through language and escaped:
     All I could never be,
     All, men ignored in me,
     This, I was worth to God, whose wheel the pitcher shaped.
       26.

     Ay, note that Potter’s wheel,
     That metaphor! and feel
     Why time spins fast, why passive lies our clay,—
     Thou, to whom fools propound,
     When the wine makes its round,
     “Since life fleets, all is change; the Past gone, seize to-day!”
 

— St. 26. Potter’s wheel: “But now, O Lord, thou art our Father: we are the clay, and thou our Potter; and we are all the work of thy hand.”—Is. 64:8; and see Jer. 18:2-6.

       27.

     Fool!  All that is, at all,
     Lasts ever, past recall;
     Earth changes, but thy soul and God stand sure:
     What entered into thee,
     THAT was, is, and shall be:
     Time’s wheel runs back or stops:  Potter and clay endure.
       28.

     He fixed thee mid this dance
     Of plastic circumstance,
     This Present, thou, forsooth, wouldst fain arrest:
     Machinery just meant
     To give thy soul its bent,
     Try thee, and turn thee forth sufficiently impressed.
       29.

     What though the earlier grooves
     Which ran the laughing loves
     Around thy base, no longer pause and press?
     What though, about thy rim,
     Skull-things in order grim
     Grow out, in graver mood, obey the sterner stress?
       30.

     Look not thou down but up!
     To uses of a cup,
     The festal board, lamp’s flash, and trumpet’s peal,
     The new wine’s foaming flow,
     The Master’s lips aglow!
     Thou, heaven’s consummate cup, what needst thou with earth’s wheel?
       31.

     But I need, now as then,
     Thee, God, who mouldest men!
     And since, not even while the whirl was worst,
     Did I,—to the wheel of life
     With shapes and colors rife,
     Bound dizzily,—mistake my end, to slake Thy thirst:
       32.

     So, take and use Thy work,
     Amend what flaws may lurk,
     What strain o’ the stuff, what warpings past the aim!
     My times be in Thy hand!
     Perfect the cup as planned!
     Let age approve of youth, and death complete the same!

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