An Introduction to the Study of Robert Browning's Poetry






The Bishop orders his Tomb.

{Rome, 15—.}

    —
     * The tomb is imaginary; though it is said to be pointed
     out to visitors to Saint Praxed’s who desire particularly
     to see it.
    —
     Vanity, saith the preacher, vanity!
     Draw round my bed:  is Anselm keeping back?
     Nephews—sons mine. . .ah God, I know not!  Well—
     She, men would have to be your mother once,
     Old Gandolf envied me, so fair she was!
     What’s done is done, and she is dead beside,
     Dead long ago, and I am Bishop since,
     And as she died so must we die ourselves,
     And thence ye may perceive the world’s a dream.
     Life, how and what is it?  As here I lie           {10}
     In this state-chamber, dying by degrees,
     Hours and long hours in the dead night, I ask
     “Do I live, am I dead?”  Peace, peace seems all.
     Saint Praxed’s ever was the church for peace;
     And so, about this tomb of mine.  I fought
     With tooth and nail to save my niche, ye know:
   —Old Gandolf cozened me, despite my care;
     Shrewd was that snatch from out the corner South
     He graced his carrion with, God curse the same!
     Yet still my niche is not so cramped but thence    {20}
     One sees the pulpit on the epistle-side,
     And somewhat of the choir, those silent seats,
     And up into the aery dome where live
     The angels, and a sunbeam’s sure to lurk;
     And I shall fill my slab of basalt there,
     And ‘neath my tabernacle take my rest,
     With those nine columns round me, two and two,
     The odd one at my feet where Anselm stands:
     Peach-blossom marble all, the rare, the ripe
     As fresh-poured red wine of a mighty pulse.        {30}
   —Old Gandolf with his paltry onion-stone,
     Put me where I may look at him!  True peach,
     Rosy and flawless:  how I earned the prize!
     Draw close:  that conflagration of my church
   —What then?  So much was saved if aught were missed!
     My sons, ye would not be my death?  Go dig
     The white-grape vineyard where the oil-press stood,
     Drop water gently till the surface sink,
     And if ye find. . .  Ah God, I know not, I! . . .
     Bedded in store of rotten fig-leaves soft,         {40}
     And corded up in a tight olive-frail,
     Some lump, ah God, of lapis lazuli,
     Big as a Jew’s head cut off at the nape,
     Blue as a vein o’er the Madonna’s breast. . .
     Sons, all have I bequeathed you, villas, all,
     That brave Frascati villa with its bath,
     So, let the blue lump poise between my knees,
     Like God the Father’s globe on both his hands
     Ye worship in the Jesu Church so gay,
     For Gandolf shall not choose but see and burst!    {50}
     Swift as a weaver’s shuttle fleet our years:
     Man goeth to the grave, and where is he?
     Did I say, basalt for my slab, sons?  Black—
     ‘Twas ever antique-black I meant!  How else
     Shall ye contrast my frieze to come beneath?
     The bas-relief in bronze ye promised me,
     Those Pans and Nymphs ye wot of, and perchance
     Some tripod, thyrsus, with a vase or so,
     The Saviour at his sermon on the mount,
     Saint Praxed in a glory, and one Pan               {60}
     Ready to twitch the Nymph’s last garment off,
     And Moses with the tables. . .but I know
     Ye mark me not!  What do they whisper thee,
     Child of my bowels, Anselm?  Ah, ye hope
     To revel down my villas while I gasp
     Bricked o’er with beggar’s mouldy travertine
     Which Gandolf from his tomb-top chuckles at!
     Nay, boys, ye love me—all of jasper, then!
     ‘Tis jasper ye stand pledged to, lest I grieve
     My bath must needs be left behind, alas!           {70}
     One block, pure green as a pistachio-nut,
     There’s plenty jasper somewhere in the world—
     And have I not Saint Praxed’s ear to pray
     Horses for ye, and brown Greek manuscripts,
     And mistresses with great smooth marbly limbs?
   —That’s if ye carve my epitaph aright,
     Choice Latin, picked phrase, Tully’s every word,
     No gaudy ware like Gandolf’s second line—
     Tully, my masters?  Ulpian serves his need!
     And then how I shall lie through centuries,        {80}
     And hear the blessed mutter of the mass,
     And see God made and eaten all day long,
     And feel the steady candle-flame, and taste
     Good strong thick stupefying incense-smoke!
     For as I lie here, hours of the dead night,
     Dying in state and by such slow degrees,
     I fold my arms as if they clasped a crook,
     And stretch my feet forth straight as stone can point,
     And let the bedclothes, for a mortcloth, drop
     Into great laps and folds of sculptor’s work:      {90}
     And as yon tapers dwindle, and strange thoughts
     Grow, with a certain humming in my ears,
     About the life before I lived this life,
     And this life too, popes, cardinals, and priests,
     Saint Praxed at his sermon on the mount,
     Your tall pale mother with her talking eyes,
     And new-found agate urns as fresh as day,
     And marble’s language, Latin pure, discreet,
   —Aha, ELUCESCEBAT quoth our friend?
     No Tully, said I, Ulpian at the best!             {100}
     Evil and brief hath been my pilgrimage.
     All lapis, all, sons!  Else I give the Pope
     My villas!  Will ye ever eat my heart?
     Ever your eyes were as a lizard’s quick,
     They glitter like your mother’s for my soul,
     Or ye would heighten my impoverished frieze,
     Piece out its starved design, and fill my vase
     With grapes, and add a visor and a Term,
     And to the tripod ye would tie a lynx
     That in his struggle throws the thyrsus down,     {110}
     To comfort me on my entablature
     Whereon I am to lie till I must ask
     “Do I live, am I dead?”  There, leave me, there!
     For ye have stabbed me with ingratitude
     To death:  ye wish it—God, ye wish it!  Stone—
     Gritstone, a-crumble!  Clammy squares which sweat
     As if the corpse they keep were oozing through—
     And no more lapis to delight the world!
     Well go!  I bless ye.  Fewer tapers there,
     But in a row:  and, going, turn your backs        {120}
   —Ay, like departing altar-ministrants,
     And leave me in my church, the church for peace,
     That I may watch at leisure if he leers—
     Old Gandolf, at me, from his onion-stone,
     As still he envied me, so fair she was!

— 1. Vanity, saith the preacher, vanity!: “The Bishop on his death-bed has reached Solomon’s conclusion that ‘all is vanity’. So he proceeds to specify his particular vanity in the choice of a tombstone.” —N. Brit. Rev. 34, p. 367. “In ‘The Palace of Art’, Mr. Tennyson has shown the despair and isolation of a soul surrounded by all luxuries of beauty, and living in and for them; but in the end the soul is redeemed and converted to the simple humanities of earth. Mr. Browning has shown that such a sense of isolation and such despair are by no means inevitable; there is a death in life which consists in tranquil satisfaction, a calm pride in the soul’s dwelling among the world’s gathered treasures of stateliness and beauty. . . . So the unbelieving and worldly spirit of the dying Bishop, who orders his tomb at Saint Praxed’s, his sense of the vanity of the world simply because the world is passing out of his reach, the regretful memory of the pleasures of his youth, the envious spite towards Gandolf, who robbed him of the best position for a tomb, and the dread lest his reputed sons should play him false and fail to carry out his designs, are united with a perfect appreciation of Renaissance art, and a luxurious satisfaction, which even a death-bed cannot destroy, in the splendor of voluptuous form and color.” —Edward Dowden.

46. Frascati: a town of central Italy, near the site of the ancient Tusculum, ten or twelve miles S. E. of Rome; it has many fine old villas.

53. Did I say, basalt for my slab, sons?: Note how all things else, even such reflections as are expressed in the two preceding verses, are incidental with the Bishop; his poor, art-besotted mind turns abruptly to the black basalt which he craves for the slab of his tomb; and see vv. 101, 102.

66. travertine: see note to v. 67 of ‘Pictor Ignotus’.

71. pistachio-nut: or, green almond.

79. Ulpian: Domitius Ulpianus, one of the greatest of Roman jurists, and chief adviser of the emperor, Alexander Severus; born about 170, died 228; belongs to the Brazen age of Roman literature.

95. Saint Praxed at his sermon on the mount: the poor dying Bishop, in the disorder of his mind, makes a ‘lapsus linguae’ here; see v. 59.

99. elucescebat: “he was beginning to shine forth”; a late Latin word not found in the Ciceronian vocabulary, and therefore condemned by the Bishop; this word is, perhaps, what is meant by the “gaudy ware” in the second line of Gandolf’s epitaph, referred to in v. 78.

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