HUON, having traversed the Apennines and Italy, arrived at the environs of Rome, where, laying aside his armor, he assumed the dress of a pilgrim. In this attire he presented himself before the Pope, and not till after he had made a full confession of his sins did he announce himself as his nephew. "Ah! my dear nephew," exclaimed the Holy Father, "what harder penance could I impose than the Emperor has already done? Go in peace, my son," he added, absolving him, "I go to intercede for you with the Most High." Then he led his nephew into his palace, and introduced him to all the Cardinals and Princes of Rome as the Duke of Guienne, son of the Duchess Alice, his sister.
Huon, at setting out, had made a vow not to stop more than three days in a place. The Holy Father took advantage of this time to inspire him with zeal for the glory of Christianity, and with confidence in the protection of the Most High. He advised him to embark for Palestine, to visit the Holy Sepulchre, and to depart thence for the interior of Asia.
Loaded with the blessings of the Holy Father, Huon, obeying his counsels, embarked for Palestine, arrived, and visited with the greatest reverence the holy places. He then departed, and took his way toward the east.
But, ignorant of the country and of the language, he lost himself in a forest, and remained three days without seeing a human creature, living on honey and wild fruits which he found on the trees. The third day, seeking a passage through a rocky defile, he beheld a man in tattered clothing, whose beard and hair covered his breast and shoulders. This man stopped on seeing him, observed him, and recognized the arms and bearing of a French knight. He immediately approached, and exclaimed, in the language of the South of France, "God be praised! Do I indeed behold a chevalier of my own country, after fifteen years passed in this desert without seeing the face of a fellow-countryman?"
Huon, to gratify him still more, unlaced his helmet, and came towards him with a smiling countenance. The other regarded him with more surprise than at first. "Good Heaven!" he exclaimed, "was there ever such a resemblance? Ah, noble sir," he added, "tell me, I beseech you, of what country and race you come?" "I require," replied Huon, "before telling you mine, that you first reveal your own; let it suffice you at present to know that I am a Christian, and that in Guienne I was born." "Ah! Heaven grant that my eyes and my heart do not deceive me," exclaimed the unknown; "my name is Sherasmin; I am brother to Guire, the Mayor of Bordeaux. I was taken prisoner in the battle where my dear and illustrious master, Sevinus, lost his life. For three years I endured the miseries of slavery; at length I broke my chains and escaped to this desert, where I have sustained myself in solitude ever since. Your features recall to me my beloved sovereign, in whose service I was from my infancy till his death." Huon made no reply but by embracing the old man, with tears in his eyes. Then Sherasmin learned that his arms enfolded the son of the Duke Sevinus. He led him to his cabin, and spread before him the dry fruits and honey which formed his only aliment.
Huon recounted his adventures to Sherasmin, who was moved to tears at the recital. He then consulted him on means of conducting his enterprise. Sherasmin hesitated not to confess that success seemed impossible; nevertheless he swore a solemn oath never to abandon him. The Saracen language, which he was master of, would be serviceable to them when they should leave the desert, and mingle with men.
They took the route of the Red Sea, and entered Arabia. Their way lay through a region which Sherasmin described as full of terrors. It was inhabited by Oberon, King of the Fairies, who made captive such knights as were rash enough to penetrate into it, and transformed them into Hobgoblins. It was possible to avoid this district at the expense of somewhat lengthening their route; but no dangers could deter Huon of Bordeaux; and the brave Sherasmin, who had now resumed the armor of a knight, reluctantly consented to share with him the dangers of the shorter route.
They entered a wood, and arrived at a spot whence alleys branched off in various directions. One of them seemed to be terminated by a superb palace, whose gilded roofs were adorned with brilliant weathercocks covered with diamonds. A superb chariot issued from the gate of the palace, and drove toward Huon and his companion, as if to meet them half-way. The prince saw no one in the chariot but a child apparently about five years old, very beautiful, and clad in a robe which glittered with precious stones. At the sight of him, Sherasmin's terror was extreme. He seized the reins of Huon's horse, and turned him about, hurrying the prince away, and assuring him that they were lost if they stopped to parley with the mischievous dwarf, who, though he appeared a child, was full of years and of treachery. Huon was sorry to lose sight of the beautiful dwarf, whose aspect had nothing in it to alarm; yet he followed his friend, who urged on his horse with all possible speed. Presently a storm began to roar through the forest, the daylight grew dim, and they found their way with difficulty. From time to time they seemed to hear an infantine voice, which said, "Stop, Duke Huon; listen to me: it is in vain you fly me!"
Sherasmin only fled the faster, and stopped not until he had reached the gate of a monastery of monks and nuns, the two communities of which were assembled at that time in a religious procession. Sherasmin, feeling safe from the malice of the dwarf in the presence of so many holy persons and the sacred banners, stopped to ask an asylum, and made Huon dismount also. But at that moment they were joined by the dwarf, who blew a blast upon an ivory horn which hung from his neck. Immediately the good Sherasmin, in spite of himself, began to dance like a young collegian, and seizing the hand of an aged nun, who felt as if it would be her death, they footed it briskly over the grass, and were imitated by all the other monks and nuns, mingled together, forming the strangest dancing-party ever beheld. Huron alone felt no disposition to dance; but he came near dying of laughter at seeing the ridiculous postures and leaps of the others.
The dwarf, approaching Huon, said, in a sweet voice, and in Huon's own language, "Duke of Guienne, why do you shun me? I conjure you, in Heaven's name, speak to me." Huon, hearing himself addressed in this serious manner, and knowing that no evil spirit would dare to use the holy name in aid of his schemes, replied, "Sir, whoever you are, I am ready to hear and answer you." "Huon, my friend," continued the dwarf, "I always loved your race, and you have been dear to me ever since your birth. The gracious state of conscience in which you were when you entered my wood has protected you from all enchantments, even if I had intended to practise any upon you. If these monks, these nuns, and even your friend Sherasmin, had had a conscience as pure as yours, my horn would not have set them dancing; but where is the monk or the nun who can always be deaf to the voice of the tempter, and Sherasmin in the desert has often doubted the power of Providence."
At these words Huon saw the dancers overcome with exertion. He begged mercy for them, the dwarf granted it, and the effect of the horn ceased at once; the nuns got rid of their partners, smoothed their dresses, and hastened to resume their places in the procession. Sherasmin, overcome with heat, panting, and unable to stand on his legs, threw himself upon the grass, and began, "Did not I tell you"--He was going on in an angry tone, but the dwarf, approaching, said, "Sherasmin, why have you murmured against Providence? Why have you thought evil of me? You deserved this light punishment; but I know you to be good and loyal; I mean to show myself your friend, as you shall soon see." At these words he presented him a rich goblet. "Make the sign of the cross on this cup," said he, "and then believe that I hold my power from the God you adore, whose faithful servant I am, as well as you." Sherasmin obeyed, and on the instant the cup was filled with delicious wine, a draught of which restored vigor to his limbs, and made him feel young again. Overcome with gratitude, he threw himself on his knees, but the dwarf raised him, and bade him sit beside him, and thus commenced his history:
"Julius Caesar, going by sea to join his army, was driven by a storm to take shelter in the island of Celea, where dwelt the fairy Glorianda. From this renowned pair I draw my birth. I am the inheritor of that which was most admirable in each of my parents: my father's heroic qualities, and my mother's beauty and magic art. But a malicious sister of my mother's, in revenge for some slight offence, touched me with her wand when I was only five years old, and forbade me to grow any bigger; and my mother, with all her power, was unable to annul the sentence. I have thus continued infantile in appearance, though full of years and experience. The power which I derive from my mother I use sometimes for my own diversion, but always to promote justice and to reward virtue. I am able and willing to assist you, Duke of Guienne, for I know the errand on which you come hither. I presage for you, if you follow my counsels, complete success; and the beautiful Clarimunda for a wife."
When he had thus spoken he presented to Huon the precious and useful cup, which had the faculty of filling itself when a good man took it in his hand. He gave him also his beautiful horn of ivory, saying to him, "Huon, when you sound this gently, you will make the hearers dance, as you have seen; but if you sound it forcibly, fear not that I shall hear it, though at a hundred leagues' distance, and will fly to your relief; but be careful not to sound it in that way, unless upon the most urgent occasion."
Oberon directed Huon what course he should take to reach the country of the Sultan Gaudisso. "You will encounter great perils," said he, "before arriving there, and I fear me," he added, with tears in his eyes, "that you will not in everything obey my directions, and in that case you will suffer much calamity." Then he embraced Huon and Sherasmin, and left them.
Huon and his follower travelled many days through the desert before they reached any inhabited place, and all this while the wonderful cup sustained them, furnishing them not only wine, but food also. At last they came to a great city. As day was declining, they entered its suburbs, and Sherasmin, who spoke the Saracen language perfectly, inquired for an inn where they could pass the night. A person who appeared to be one of the principal inhabitants, seeing two strangers of respectable appearance making this inquiry, stepped forward and begged them to accept the shelter of his mansion. They entered, and their host did the honors of his abode with a politeness which they were astonished to see in a Saracen. He had them served with coffee and sherbet, and all was conducted with great decorum, till one of the servants awkwardly overturned a cup of hot coffee on the host's legs, when he started up, exclaiming in very good Gascon, "Blood and thunder! you blockhead, you deserve to be thrown over the mosque!"
Huon could not help laughing to see the vivacity and the language of his country thus break out unawares. The host, who had no idea that his guests understood his words, was astonished when Huon addressed him in the dialect of his country. Immediately confidence was established between them; especially when the domestics had retired. The host, seeing that he was discovered, and that the two pretended Saracens were from the borders of the Garonne, embraced them, and disclosed that he was a Christian. Huon, who had learned prudence from the advice of Oberon, to test his host's sincerity, drew from his robe the cup which the Fairy-king had given him, and presented it empty to the host. "A fair cup," said he, "but I should like it better if it was full." Immediately it was so. The host, astonished, dared not put it to his lips. "Drink boldly, my dear fellow-countryman," said Huon; "your truth is proved by this cup, which only fills itself in the hands of an honest man." The host did not hesitate longer; the cup passed freely from hand to hand; their mutual cordiality increased as it passed, and each recounted his adventures. Those of Huon redoubled his host's respect; for he recognized in him his legitimate sovereign: while the host's narrative was in these words:
"My name is Floriac; this great and strong city, you will hear with surprise and grief, is governed by a brother of Duke Sevinus, and your uncle. You have no doubt heard that a young brother of the Duke of Guienne was stolen away from the sea-shore, with his companions, by some corsairs. I was then his page, and we were carried by those corsairs to Barbary, where we were sold for slaves. The Barbary prince sent us as part of the tribute which he yearly paid to his sovereign, the Sultan Gaudisso. Your uncle, who had been somewhat puffed up by the flattery of his attendants, thought to increase his importance with his new master by telling him his rank. The Sultan, who, like a true Mussulman, detested all Christian princes, exerted himself from that moment to bring him over to the Saracen faith. He succeeded but too well. Your uncle, seduced by the arts of the Santons, and by the pleasures and indulgences which the Sultan allowed him, committed the horrid crime of apostasy; he renounced his baptism, and embraced Mahometanism. Gaudisso then loaded him with honors, made him espouse one of his nieces, and sent him to reign over this city and adjoining country. Your uncle preserved for me the same friendship which he had had when a boy; but all his caresses and efforts could not make me renounce my faith. Perhaps he respected me in his heart for my resistance to his persuasions, perhaps he had hopes of inducing me in time to imitate him. He made me accompany him to this city, of which he was master, he gave me his confidence, and permits me to keep in my service some Christians, whom I protect for the sake of their faith."
"Ah!" exclaimed Huon, "take me to this guilty uncle. A prince of the house of Guienne, must he not blush at the cowardly abandonment of the faith of his fathers?"
"Alas!" replied Floriac, "I fear he will neither be sensible of shame at your reproaches, nor of pleasure at the sight of a nephew so worthy of his lineage. Brutified by sensuality, jealous of his power, which he often exercises with cruelty, he will more probably restrain you by force or put you to death."
"Be it so," said the brave and fervent Huon, "I could not die in a better cause; and I demand of you to conduct me to him to-morrow, after having told him of my arrival and my birth." Floriac still objected, but Huon would take no denial, and he promised obedience.
Next morning Floriac waited upon the Governor and told him of the arrival of his nephew, Huon of Bordeaux; and of the intention of the prince to present himself at his court that very day. The Governor, surprised, did not immediately answer; though he at once made up his mind what to do. He knew that Floriac loved Christians and the princes of his native land too well to aid in any treason to one of them; he therefore feigned great pleasure at hearing of the arrival of the eldest born of his family at his court. He immediately sent Floriac to find him; he caused his palace to be put in festal array, his divan to be assembled, and after giving some secret orders, went himself to meet his nephew, whom he introduced under his proper name and title to all the great officers of his court.
Huon burned with indignation at seeing his uncle with forehead encircled with a rich turban, surmounted with a crescent of precious stones. His natural candor made him receive with pain the embraces which the treacherous Governor lavished upon him. Meanwhile the hope of finding a suitable moment to reproach him for his apostasy made him submit to those honors which his uncle caused to be rendered to him. The Governor evaded with address the chance of being alone with Huon and spent all the morning in taking him through his gardens and palace. At last, when the hour of dinner approached, and the Governor took him by the hand to lead him into the dining-hall, Huon seized the opportunity and said to him in a low voice, "O my uncle! O Prince, brother of the Duke Sevinus! in what condition have I the grief and shame of seeing you!" The Governor pretended to be moved, pressed his hand, and whispered in his ear, "Silence! my dear nephew; to-morrow morning I will hear you fully."
Huon, comforted a little by these words, took his seat at the table by the side of the Governor. The Mufti, some Cadis, Agas, and Santons, filled the other places. Sherasmin sat down with them; but Floriac, who would not lose sight of his guests, remained standing, and passed in and out to observe what was going on within the palace. He soon perceived a number of armed men gliding through the passages and antechambers connected with the dining-hall. He was about to enter to give his guests notice of what he had seen when he heard a violent noise and commotion in the hall. The cause was this.
Huon and Sherasmin were well enough suited with the first course and ate with good appetite; but the people of their country not being accustomed to drink only water at their meals, Huon and Sherasmin looked at one another, not very well pleased at such a regimen. Huon laughed outright at the impatience of Sherasmin, but soon, experiencing the same want himself, he drew forth Oberon's cup and made the sign of the cross. The cup filled and he drank it off, and handed it to Sherasmin, who followed his example. The Governor and his officers, seeing this abhorred sign, contracted their brows and sat in silent consternation. Huon pretended not to observe it, and having filled the cup again handed it to his uncle, saying, "Pray, join us, dear uncle; it is excellent Bordeaux wine, the drink that will be to you like mother's milk." The Governor, who often drank in secret with his own favorite Sultanas the wines of Greece and Shiraz, never in public drank anything but water. He had not for a long time tasted the excellent wines of his native land; he was sorely tempted to drink what was now handed to him, it looked so bright in the cup, outshining the gold itself. He stretched forth his hand, took the brimming goblet, and raised it to his lips, when immediately it dried up and disappeared. Huon and Sherasmin, like Gascons as they were, laughed at his astonishment. "Christian dogs!" he exclaimed, "do you dare to insult me at my own table? But I will soon be revenged." At these words he threw the cup at the head of his nephew, who caught it with his left hand, while with the other he snatched the turban, with its crescent, from the Governor's head and threw it on the floor. All the Saracens started up from table, with loud outcries, and prepared to avenge the insult. Huon and Sherasmin put themselves on their defence, and met with their swords the scimitars directed against them. At this moment the doors of the hall opened and a crowd of soldiers and armed eunuchs rushed in, who joined in the attack upon Huon and Sherasmin. The Prince and his followers took refuge on a broad shelf or side-board, where they kept at bay the crowd of assailants, making the most forward of them smart for their audacity. But more troops came pressing in and the brave Huon, inspired by the wine of Bordeaux, and not angry enough to lose his relish for a joke, blew a gentle note on his horn, and no sooner was it heard than it quelled the rage of the combatants and set them to dancing. Huon and Sherasmin, no longer attacked, looked down from their elevated position on a scene the most singular and amusing. Very soon the Sultanas, hearing the sound of the dance and finding their guards withdrawn, came into the hall and mixed with the dancers. The favorite Sultana seized upon a young Santon, who performed jumps two feet high; but soon the long dresses of this couple got intermingled and threw them down. The Santon's beard was caught in the Sultana's necklace, and they could not disentangle them. The Governor by no means approved this familiarity, and took two steps forward to get at the Santon, but he stumbled over a prostrate Dervise and measured his length on the floor. The dancing continued till the strength of the performers was exhausted, and they fell, one after the other, and lay helpless. The Governor at length made signs to Huon that he would yield everything if he would but allow him to rest. The bargain was ratified; the Governor allowed Huon and Sherasmin to depart on their way, and even gave them a ring which would procure them safe passage through his country and access to the Sultan Gaudisso. The two friends hastened to avail themselves of this favorable turn, and taking leave of Floriac, pursued their journey.
HUON had seen many beauties at his mother's court, but his heart had never been touched with love. Honor had been his mistress, and in pursuit of that he had never found time to give a thought to softer cares. Strange that a heart so insensible should first be touched by something so unsubstantial as a dream; but so it was.
The day after the adventure with his uncle night overtook the travellers as they passed through a forest. A grotto offered them shelter from the night dews. The magic cup supplied their evening meal; for such was its virtue that it afforded not only wine, but more solid fare when desired. Fatigue soon threw them into profound repose. Lulled by the murmur of the foliage, and breathing the fragrance of the flowers, Huon dreamed that a lady more beautiful than he had ever before seen hung over him and imprinted a kiss upon his lips. As he stretched out his arms to embrace her a sudden gust of wind swept her away.
Huon awoke in an agony of regret. A few moments sufficed to afford some consolation in showing him that what had passed was but a dream; but his perplexity and sadness could not escape the notice of Sherasmin. Huon hesitated not to inform his faithful follower of the reason of his pensiveness; and got nothing in return but his rallyings for allowing himself to be disturbed by such a cause. He recommended a draught from the fairy goblet, and Huon tried it with good effect.
At early dawn they resumed their way. They travelled till high noon, but said little to one another. Huon was musing on his dream, and Sherasmin's thoughts flew back to his early days on the banks of the flowery Garonne.
On a sudden they were startled by the cry of distress, and turning an angle of the wood, came where a knight hard pressed was fighting with a furious lion. The knight's horse lay dead, and it seemed as if another moment would end the combat, for terror and fatigue had quite disabled the knight for further resistance. He fell, and the lion's paw was raised over him, when a blow from Huon's sword turned the monster's rage upon a new enemy. His roar shook the forest, and he crouched in act to spring, when, with the rapidity of lightning, Huon plunged his sword into his side. He rolled over on the plain in the agonies of death.
They raised the knight from the ground, and Sherasmin hastened to offer him a draught from the fairy cup. The wine sparkled to the brim, and the warrior put forth his lips to quaff it, but it shrunk away, and did not even wet his lips. He dashed the goblet angrily on the ground, with an exclamation of resentment. This incident did not tend to make either party more acceptable to the other; and what followed was worse. For when Huon said, "Sir knight, thank God for your deliverance,"--"Thank Mahomet, rather, yourself," said he, "for he has led you this day to render service to no less a personage than the Prince of Hyrcania."
At the sound of this blasphemy Huon drew his sword and turned upon the miscreant, who, little disposed to encounter the prowess of which he had so lately seen proof, betook himself to flight. He ran to Huon's horse, and lightly vaulting on his back, clapped spurs to his side, and galloped out of sight.
The adventure was vexatious, yet there was no remedy. The prince and Sherasmin continued their journey with the aid of the remaining horse as they best might. At length, as evening set in, they descried the pinnacles and towers of a great city full before them, which they knew to be the famous city of Bagdad.
They were well-nigh exhausted with fatigue when they arrived at its precincts, and in the darkness, not knowing what course to take, were glad to meet an aged woman, who, in reply to their inquiries, offered them such accommodations as her cottage could supply. They thankfully accepted the offer, and entered the low door. The good dame busily prepared the best fare her stores supplied,--milk, figs, and peaches,--deeply regretting that the bleak winds had nipped her almond-trees.
Sir Huon thought he had never in his life tasted any fare so good. The old lady talked while her guests ate. She doubted not, she said, they had come to be present at the great feast in honor of the marriage of the Sultan's daughter, which was to take place on the morrow. They asked who the bridegroom was to be, and the old lady answered, "The Prince of Hyrcania," but added, "Our princess hates him, and would rather wed a dragon than him." "How know you that?" asked Huon; and the dame informed him that she had it from the princess herself, who was her foster-child. Huon inquired the reason of the princess's aversion; and the woman pleased to find her chat excite so much interest, replied that it was all in consequence of a dream. "A dream!" exclaimed Huon. "Yes! a dream. She dreamed that she was a hind, and that the Prince, as a hunter, was pursuing her, and had almost overtaken her, when a beautiful dwarf appeared in view, drawn in a golden car, having by his side a young man of yellow hair and fair complexion, like one from a foreign land. She dreamed that the car stopped where she stood, and that, having resumed her own form, she was about to ascend it, when suddenly it faded from her view, and with it the dwarf and the fair-haired youth. But from her heart that vision did not fade, and from that time her affianced bridegroom, the Hyrcanian prince, had become odious to her sight. Yet the Sultan, her father, by no means regarding such a cause as sufficient to prevent the marriage, had named the morrow as the time when it should be solemnized, in presence of his court and many princes of the neighboring countries, whom the fame of the princess's beauty and the bridegroom's splendor had brought to the scene."
We may suppose this conversation woke a tumult of thoughts in the breast of Huon. Was it not clear that Providence led him on, and cleared the way for his happy success? Sleep did not early visit the eyes of Huon that night; but, with the sanguine temper of youth, he indulged his fancy in imagining the sequel of his strange experience.
The next day, which he could not but regard as the decisive day of his fate, he prepared to deliver the message of Charlemagne. Clad in his armor, fortified with his ivory horn and his ring, he reached the palace of Gaudisso when the guests were assembled at the banquet. As he approached the gate a voice called on all true believers to enter; and Huon, the brave and faithful Huon, in his impatience passed in under that false pretention. He had no sooner passed the barrier than he felt ashamed of his baseness, and was overwhelmed with regret. To make amends for his fault he ran forward to the second gate, and cried to the porter, "Dog of a misbeliever, I command you in the name of Him who died on the cross, open to me!" The points of a hundred weapons immediately opposed his passage. Huon then remembered for the first time the ring he had received from his uncle, the Governor. He produced it, and demanded to be led to the Sultan's presence. The officer of the guard recognized the ring, made a respectful obeisance, and allowed him free entrance. In the same way he passed the other doors to the rich saloon where the great Sultan was at dinner with his tributary princes. At sight of the ring the chief attendant led Huon to the head of the hall, and introduced him to the Sultan and his princes as the ambassador of Charlemagne. A seat was provided for him near the royal party.
The Prince of Hyrcania, the same whom Huon had rescued from the lion, and who was the destined bridegroom of the beautiful Clarimunda, sat on the Sultan's right hand, and the princess herself on his left. It chanced that Huon found himself near the seat of the princess, and hardly were the ceremonies of reception over before he made haste to fulfill the commands of Charlemagne by imprinting a kiss upon her rosy lips, and after that a second, not by command, but by good will. The Prince of Hyrcania cried out, "Audacious infidel! take the reward of thy insolence!" and aimed a blow at Huon, which, if it had reached him, would have brought his embassy to a speedy termination. But the ingrate failed of his aim, and Huon punished his blasphemy and ingratitude at once by a blow which severed his head from his body.
So suddenly had all this happened that no hand had been raised to arrest it; but now Gaudisso cried out, "Seize the murderer!" Huon was hemmed in on all sides, but his redoubtable sword kept the crowd of courtiers at bay. But he saw new combatants enter, and could not hope to maintain his ground against so many. He recollected his horn, and raising it to his lips, blew a blast almost as loud as that of Roland at Roncesvalles. It was in vain. Oberon heard it; but the sin of which Huon had been guilty in bearing, though but for a moment, the character of a believer in the false prophet, had put it out of Oberon's power to help him. Huon, finding himself deserted, and conscious of the cause, lost his strength and energy, was seized, loaded with chains, and plunged into a dungeon.
His life was spared for the time, merely that he might be reserved for a more painful death. The Sultan meant that, after being made to feel all the torments of hunger and despair, he should be flayed alive.
But an enchanter more ancient and more powerful than Oberon himself interested himself for the brave Huon. The enchanter was Love. The Princess Clarimunda learned with horror the fate to which the young prince was destined. By the aid of her governante she gained over the keeper of the prison, and went herself to lighten the chains of her beloved. It was her hand that removed his fetters, from her he received supplies of food to sustain a life which he devoted from thenceforth wholly to her. After the most tender explanations the princess departed, promising to repeat her visit on the morrow.
The next day she came according to promise, and again brought supplies of food. These visits were continued during a whole month. Huon was too good a son of the Church to forget that the amiable princess was a Saracen, and he availed himself of these interviews to instruct her in the true faith. How easy it is to believe the truth when uttered by the lips of those we love! Clarimunda ere long professed her entire belief in the Christian doctrines, and desired to be baptized.
Meanwhile the Sultan had repeatedly inquired of the jailer how his prisoner bore the pains of famine, and learned to his surprise that he was not yet much reduced thereby. On his repeating the inquiry, after a short interval, the keeper replied that the prisoner had died suddenly, and had been buried in the cavern. The Sultan could only regret that he had not sooner ordered the execution of the sentence.
While these things were going on the faithful Sherasmin, who had not accompanied Huon in his last adventure, but had learned by common rumor the result of it, came to the court in hopes of doing something for the rescue of his master. He presented himself to the Sultan as Solario, his nephew. Guadisso received him with kindness, and all the courtiers loaded him with attentions. He soon found means to inform himself how the Princess regarded the brave but unfortunate Huon, and having made himself known to her, confidence was soon established between them. Clarimunda readily consented to assist in the escape of Huon, and to quit with him her father's court to repair to that of Charlemagne. Their united efforts had nearly perfected their arrangement, a vessel was secretly prepared, and all things in forwardness for the flight, when an unlooked-for obstacle presented itself. Huon himself positively refused to go leaving the orders of Charlemagne unexecuted.
Sherasmin was in despair. Bitterly he complained of the fickleness and cruelty of Oberon in withdrawing his aid at the very crisis when it was most necessary. Earnestly he urged every argument to satisfy the prince that he had done enough for honor, and could not be held bound to achieve impossibilities. But all was of no avail, and he knew not which way to turn, when one of those events occurred which are so frequent under Turkish despotisms. A courier arrived at the court of the Sultan, bearing the ring of his sovereign, the mighty Agrapard, Caliph of Arabia, and bringing the bow-string for the neck of Gaudisso. No reason was assigned; none but the pleasure of the Caliph is ever required in such cases; but it was suspected that the bearer of the bow-string had persuaded the Caliph that Gaudisso, whose rapacity was well known, had accumulated immense treasures, which he had not duly shared with his sovereign, and thus had obtained an order to supersede him in his Emirship.
The body of Gaudisso would have been cast out a prey to dogs and vultures, had not Sherasmin, under the character of nephew of the deceased, been permitted to receive it, and give it decent burial, which he did, but not till he had taken possession of the beard and grinders, agreeably to the orders of Charlemagne.
No obstacle now stood in the way of the lovers and their faithful follower in returning to France. They sailed, taking Rome in their way, where the Holy Father himself blessed the union of his nephew, Duke Huon of Bordeaux, with the Princess Clarimunda.
Soon afterward they arrived in France, where Huon laid his trophies at the feet of Charlemagne, and, being restored to the favor of the Emperor, hastened to present himself and his bride to the Duchess, his mother, and to the faithful liegemen of his province of Guienne and his city of Bordeaux, where the pair were received with transports of joy.
OGIER, the Dane, was the son of Geoffrey, who wrested Denmark from the Pagans, and reigned the first Christian king of that country. When Ogier was born, and before he was baptized, six ladies of ravishing beauty appeared all at once in the chamber of the infant. They encircled him, and she who appeared the eldest took him in her arms, kissed him, and laid her hand upon his heart. "I give you," said she, "to be the bravest warrior of your times." She delivered the infant to her sister, who said, "I give you abundant opportunities to display your valor." "Sister," said the third lady, "you have given him a dangerous boon; I give him that he shall never be vanquished." The fourth sister added, as she laid her hand upon his eyes and his mouth, "I give you the gift of pleasing." The fifth said, "Lest all these gifts serve only to betray, I give you sensibility to return the love you inspire." Then spoke Morgana, the youngest and handsomest of the group. "Charming creature, I claim you for my own; and I give you not to die till you shall have come to pay me a visit in my isle of Avalon." Then she kissed the child and departed with her sisters.
After this the king had the child carried to the font and baptized with the name of Ogier.
In his education nothing was neglected to elevate him to the standard of a perfect knight, and render him accomplished in all the arts necessary to make him a hero.
He had hardly reached the age of sixteen years when Charlemagne, whose power was established over all the sovereigns of his time, recollected that Geoffroy, Ogier's father, had omitted to render the homage due to him as Emperor, and sovereign lord of Denmark, one of the grand fiefs of the empire. He accordingly sent an embassy to demand of the king of Denmark this homage, and on receiving a refusal, couched in haughty terms, sent an army to enforce the demand. Geoffroy, after an unsuccessful resistance, was forced to comply, and as a pledge of his sincerity delivered Ogier, his eldest son, a hostage to Charles, to be brought up at his court. He was placed in charge of the Duke Namo of Bavaria, the friend of his father, who treated him like his own son.
Ogier grew up more and more handsome and amiable every day. He surpassed in form, strength, and address all the noble youths his companions; he failed not to be present at all tourneys; he was attentive to the elder knights, and burned with impatience to imitate them. Yet his heart rose sometimes in secret against his condition as a hostage, and as one apparently forgotten by his father.
The King of Denmark, in fact, was at this time occupied with new loves. Ogier's mother having died, he had married a second wife, and had a son named Guyon. The new queen had absolute power over her husband, and fearing that, if he should see Ogier again, he would give him the preference over Guyon, she had adroitly persuaded him to delay rendering his homage to Charlemagne, till now four years had passed away since the last renewal of that ceremony. Charlemagne, irritated at this delinquency, drew closer the bonds of Ogier's captivity until he should receive a response from the king of Denmark to a fresh summons which he caused to be sent to him.
The answer of Geoffroy was insulting and defiant, and the rage of Charlemagne was roused in the highest degree. He was at first disposed to wreak his vengeance upon Ogier, his hostage; but at the entreaties of Duke Namo, who felt towards his pupil like a father, consented to spare his life, if Ogier would swear fidelity to him as his liege-lord, and promise not to quit his court without his permission. Ogier accepted these terms, and was allowed to retain all the freedom he had before enjoyed.
The Emperor would have immediately taken arms to reduce his disobedient vassal, if he had not been called off in another direction by a message from Pope Leo, imploring his assistance. The Saracens had landed in the neighborhood of Rome, occupied Mount Janiculum, and prepared to pass the Tiber and carry fire and sword to the capital of the Christian world. Charlemagne hesitated not to yield to the entreaties of the Pope. He speedily assembled an army, crossed the Alps, traversed Italy, and arrived at Spoleto, a strong place to which the Pope had retired. Leo, at the head of his Cardinals, advanced to meet him, and rendered him homage, as to the son of Pepin, the illustrious protector of the Holy See, coming, as his father had done, to defend it in the hour of need.
Charlemagne stopped but two days at Spoleto, and learning that the Infidels, having rendered themselves masters of Rome, were besieging the Capitol, which could not long hold out against them, marched promptly to attack them.
The advanced posts of the army were commanded by Duke Namo, on whom Ogier waited as his squire. He did not yet bear arms, not having received the order of knighthood. The Oriflamme, the royal standard, was borne by a knight named Alory, who showed himself unworthy of the honor.
Duke Namo, seeing a strong body of the Infidels advancing to attack him, gave the word to charge them. Ogier remained in the rear, with the other youths, grieving much that he was not permitted to fight. Very soon he saw Alory lower the Oriflamme, and turn his horse in flight. Ogier pointed him out to the young men, and seizing a club, rushed upon Alory and struck him from his horse. Then, with his companions, he disarmed him, clothed himself in his armor, raised the Oriflamme, and mounting the horse of the unworthy knight, flew to the front rank, where he joined Duke Namo, drove back the Infidels, and carried the Oriflamme quite through their broken ranks. The Duke, thinking it was Alory, whom he had not held in high esteem, was astonished at his strength and valor. Ogier's young companions imitated him, supplying themselves with armor from the bodies of the slain; they followed Ogier and carried death into the ranks of the Saracens, who fell back in confusion upon their main body.
Duke Namo now ordered a retreat, and Ogier obeyed with reluctance, when they perceived Charlemagne advancing to their assistance. The combat now became general, and was more terrible than ever. Charlemagne had overthrown Corsuble, the commander of the Saracens, and had drawn his famous sword, Joyeuse, to cut off his head, when two Saracen knights set upon him at once, one of whom slew his horse, and the other overthrew the Emperor on the sand. Perceiving by the eagle on his casque who he was, they dismounted in haste to give him his deathblow. Never was the life of the Emperor in such peril. But Ogier, who saw him fall, flew to his rescue. Though embarrassed with the Oriflamme, he pushed his horse against one of the Saracens and knocked him down; and with his sword dealt the other so vigorous a blow that he fell stunned to the earth. Then helping the Emperor to rise, he remounted him on the horse of one of the fallen knights. "Brave and generous Alory!" Charles exclaimed, "I owe to you my honor and my life!" Ogier made no answer; but, leaving Charlemagne surrounded by a great many of the knights who had flown to his succor, he plunged into the thickest ranks of the enemy, and carried the Oriflamme, followed by a gallant train of youthful warriors, till the standard of Mahomet turned in retreat, and the Infidels sought safety in their intrenchments.
Then the good Archbishop Turpin laid aside his helmet and his bloody sword (for he always felt that he was clearly in the line of his duty while slaying Infidels), took his mitre and his crosier, and intoned Te Deum.
At this moment Ogier, covered with blood and dust, came to lay the Oriflamme at the feet of the Emperor. He was followed by a train of warriors of short stature, who walked ill at ease loaded with armor too heavy for them. Ogier knelt at the feet of Charlemagne, who embraced him, calling him Alory, while Turpin from the height of the altar, blessed him with all his might. Then young Orlando, son of the Count Milone, and nephew of Charlemagne, no longer able to endure this misapprehension, threw down his helmet, and ran to unlace Ogier's, while the other young men laid aside theirs. Our author says he cannot express the surprise, the admiration, and the tenderness of the Emperor and his peers. Charles folded Ogier in his arms, and the happy fathers of those brave youths embraced them with tears of joy. The good Duke Namo stepped forward, and Charlemagne yielded Ogier to his embrace. "How much do I owe you," he said, "good and wise friend, for having restrained my anger! My dear Ogier! I owe you my life! My sword leaps to touch your shoulder, yours and those of your brave young friends." At these words he drew that famous sword, Joyeuse, and while Ogier and the rest knelt before him, gave them the accolade conferring on them the order of knighthood. The young Orlando and his cousin Oliver could not refrain, even in the presence of the Emperor, from falling upon Ogier's neck, and pledging with him that brotherhood in arms, so dear and so sacred to the knights of old times; but Charlot, the Emperor's son, at the sight of the glory with which Ogier had covered himself, conceived the blackest jealousy and hate.
The rest of the day and the next were spent in the rejoicings of the army. Turpin in a solemn service implored the favor of Heaven upon the youthful knights, and blessed the white armor which was prepared for them. Duke Namo presented them with golden spurs, Charles himself girded on their swords. But what was his astonishment when he examined that intended for Ogier! The loving Fairy, Morgana, had had the art to change it, and to substitute one of her own procuring, and when Charles drew it out of the scabbard, these words appeared written on the steel: "My name is Cortana, of the same steel and temper as Joyeuse and Durindana." Charles saw that a superior power watched over the destinies of Ogier; he vowed to love him as a father would, and Ogier promised him the devotion of a son. Happy had it been for both if they had always continued mindful of their promises.
The Saracen army had hardly recovered from its dismay when Carahue, King of Mauritania, who was one of the knights overthrown by Ogier at the time of the rescue of Charlemagne, determined to challenge him to single combat. With that view he assumed the dress of a herald, resolved to carry his own message. The French knights admired his air, and said to one another that he seemed more fit to be a knight than a bearer of messages.
Carahue began by passing the warmest eulogium upon the knight who bore the Oriflamme on the day of the battle, and concluded by saying that Carahue, King of Mauritania, respected that knight so much that he challenged him to the combat.
Ogier had risen to reply, when he was interrupted by Charlot, who said that the gage of the King of Mauritania could not fitly be received by a vassal, living in captivity; by which he meant Ogier, who was at that time serving as hostage for his father. Fire flashed from the eyes of Ogier, but the presence of the Emperor restrained his speech, and he was calmed by the kind looks of Charlemagne, who said, with an angry voice, "Silence, Charlot! By the life of Bertha, my queen, he who has saved my life is as dear to me as yourself. Ogier," he continued, "you are no longer a hostage. Herald! report my answer to your master, that never does knight of my court refuse a challenge on equal terms. Ogier, the Dane, accepts of his, and I myself am his security."
Carahue, profoundly bowing, replied, "My lord, I was sure that the sentiments of so great a sovereign as yourself would be worthy of your high and brilliant fame; I shall report your answer to my master, who I know admires you, and unwillingly takes arms against you." Then, turning to Charlot, whom he did not know as the son of the Emperor, he continued, "As for you, Sir Knight, if the desire of battle inflames you, I have it in charge from Sadon, cousin of the King of Mauritania, to give the like defiance to any French knights who will grant him the honor of the combat."
Charlot, inflamed with rage and vexation at the public reproof which he had just received, hesitated not to deliver his gage. Carahue received it with Ogier's, and it was agreed that the combat should be on the next day in a meadow environed by woods and equally distant from both armies.
The perfidious Charlot meditated the blackest treason. During the night he collected some knights unworthy of the name, and like himself in their ferocious manners; he made them swear to avenge his injuries, armed them in black armor, and sent them to lie in ambush in the wood, with orders to make a pretended attack upon the whole party, but in fact, to lay heavy hands upon Ogier and the two Saracens.
At the dawn of day Sadon and Carahue, attended only by two pages to carry their spears, took their way to the appointed meadow; and Charlot and Ogier repaired thither also, but by different paths. Ogier advanced with a calm air, saluted courteously the two Saracen knights, and joined them in arranging the terms of combat.
While this was going on the perfidious Charlot remained behind and gave his men the signal to advance. That cowardly troop issued from the wood and encompassed the three knights. All three were equally surprised at the attack, but neither of them suspected the other to have any hand in the treason. Seeing the attack made equally upon them all, they united their efforts to resist it, and made the most forward of the assailants bite the dust. Cortana fell on no one without inflicting a mortal wound, but the sword of Carahue was not of equal temper and broke in his hands. At the same instant his horse was slain, and Carahue fell, without a weapon, and entangled with his prostrate horse. Ogier, who saw it, ran to his defence, and leaping to the ground covered the prince with his shield, supplied him with the sword of one of the fallen ruffians, and would have him mount his own horse. At that moment Charlot, inflamed with rage, pushed his horse upon Ogier, knocked him down, and would have run him through with his lance if Sadon, who saw the treason, had not sprung upon him and thrust him back. Carahue leapt lightly upon the horse which Ogier presented him, and had time only to exclaim, "Brave Ogier, I am no longer your enemy, I pledge to you an eternal friendship," when numerous Saracen knights were seen approaching, having discovered the treachery, and Charlot with his followers took refuge in the wood.
The troop which advanced was commanded by Dannemont, the exiled king of Denmark, whom Geoffroy, Ogier's father, had driven from his throne and compelled to take refuge with the Saracens. Learning who Ogier was, he instantly declared him his prisoner, in spite of the urgent remonstrances and even threats of Carahue and Sadon, and carried him under a strong guard to the Saracen camp. Here he was at first subjected to the most rigorous captivity, but Carahue and Sadon insisted so vehemently on his release, threatening to turn their arms against their own party if it was not granted, while Dannemont as eagerly opposed the measure, that Corsuble, the Saracen commander, consented to a middle course, and allowed Ogier the freedom of his camp, upon his promise not to leave it without permission.
Carahue was not satisfied with this partial concession. He left the city next morning, proceeded to the camp of Charlemagne, and demanded to be led to the Emperor. When he reached his presence he dismounted from his horse, took off his helmet, drew his sword, and holding it by the blade presented it to Charlemagne as he knelt before him.
"Illustrious prince," he said, "behold before you the herald who brought the challenge to your knights from the King of Mauritania. The cowardly old King Dannemont has made the brave Ogier prisoner, and has prevailed on our general to refuse to give him up. I come to make amends for this ungenerous conduct by yielding myself, Carahue, King of Mauritania, your prisoner."
Charlemagne, with all his peers, admired the magnanimity of Carahue; he raised him, embraced him, and restored to him his sword. "Prince," said he, "your presence and the bright example you afford my knights consoles me for the loss of Ogier. Would to God you might receive our holy faith, and be wholly united with us." All the lords of the court, led by Duke Namo, paid their respects to the King of Mauritania. Charlot only failed to appear, fearing to be recognized as a traitor; but the heart of Carahue was too noble to pierce that of Charlemagne by telling him the treachery of his son.
Meanwhile the Saracen army was rent by discord. The troops of Carahue clamored against the commander-in-chief because their king was left in captivity. They even threatened to desert the cause and turn their arms against their allies. Charlemagne pressed the siege vigorously, till at length the Saracen leaders found themselves compelled to abandon the city and betake themselves to their ships. A truce was made; Ogier was exchanged for Carahue, and the two friends embraced one another with vows of perpetual brotherhood. The Pope was reestablished in his dominions, and Italy being tranquil, Charlemagne returned with his peers and their followers to France.
CHARLEMAGNE had not forgotten the offence of Geoffroy, the King of Denmark, in withholding homage, and now prepared to enforce submission. But at this crisis he was waited upon by an embassy from Geoffroy, acknowledging his fault, and craving assistance against an army of invaders who had attacked his states with a force which he was unable to repel. The soul of Charlemagne was too great to be implacable, and he took this opportunity to test that of Ogier, who had felt acutely the unkindness of his father, in leaving him, without regard or notice, fifteen years in captivity. Charles asked Ogier whether, in spite of his father's neglect, he was disposed to lead an army to his assistance. He replied, "A son can never be excused from helping his father by any cause short of death." Charlemagne placed an army of a thousand knights under the command of Ogier, and great numbers more volunteered to march under so distinguished a leader. He flew to the succor of his father, repelled the invaders, and drove them in confusion to their vessels. Ogier then hastened to the capital, but as he drew near the city he heard all the bells sounding a knell. He soon learned the cause; it was the obsequies of Geoffroy, the King. Ogier felt keenly the grief of not having been permitted to embrace his father once more, and to learn his latest commands; but he found that his father had declared him heir to his throne. He hastened to the church where the body lay; he knelt and bathed the lifeless form with his tears. At that moment a celestial light beamed all around, and a voice of an angel said, "Ogier, leave thy crown to Guyon, thy brother, and bear no other title than that of 'The Dane.' Thy destiny is glorious, and other kingdoms are reserved for thee." Ogier obeyed the divine behest. He saluted his stepmother respectfully, and embracing his brother, told him that he was content with his lot in being reckoned among the paladins of Charlemagne, and resigned all claims to the crown of Denmark.
Ogier returned covered with glory to the court of Charlemagne, and the Emperor, touched with this proof of his attachment, loaded him with caresses, and treated him almost as an equal.
We pass in silence the adventures of Ogier for several ensuing years, in which the fairy-gifts of his infancy showed their force in making him successful in all enterprises, both of love and war. He married the charming Belicene, and became the father of young Baldwin, a youth who seemed to inherit in full measure the strength and courage of his father and the beauty of his mother. When the lad was old enough to be separated from his mother, Ogier took him to court and presented him to Charlemagne, who embraced him and took him into his service. It seemed to Duke Namo, and all the elder knights, as if they saw in him Ogier himself, as he was when a youth; and this resemblance won for the lad their kind regards. Even Charlot at first seemed to be fond of him, though after a while the resemblance to Ogier which he noticed had the effect to excite his hatred.
Baldwin was attentive to Charlot, and lost no occasion to be serviceable. The Prince loved to play chess, and Baldwin, who played well, often made a party with him.
One day Charlot was nettled at losing two pieces in succession; he thought he could, by taking a piece from Baldwin, get some amends for his loss; but Baldwin, seeing him fall into a trap which he had set for him, could not help a slight laugh, as he said, "Check-mate." Charlot rose in a fury, seized the rich and heavy chess-board, and dashed it with all his strength on the head of Baldwin, who fell, and died where he fell.
Frightened at his own crime, and fearing the vengeance of the terrible Ogier, Charlot concealed himself in the interior of the palace. A young companion of Baldwin hastened and informed Ogier of the event. He ran to the chamber, and beheld the body of his child bathed in blood, and it could not be concealed from him that Charlot gave the blow. Transported with rage, Ogier sought Charlot through the palace, and Charlot, feeling safe nowhere else, took refuge in the hall of Charlemagne, where he seated himself at table with Duke Namo and Salomon, Duke of Brittany. Ogier, with sword drawn, followed him to the very table of the Emperor. When a cupbearer attempted to bar his way he struck the cup from his hand and dashed the contents in the Emperor's face. Charles rose in a passion, seized a knife, and would have plunged it into his breast, had not Salomon and another baron thrown themselves between, while Namo, who had retained his ancient influence over Ogier, drew him out of the room. Foreseeing the consequence of this violence, pitying Ogier, and in his heart excusing him, Namo hurried him away before the guards of the palace could arrest him, made him mount his horse, and leave Paris.
Charlemagne called together his peers, and made them take an oath to do all in their power to arrest Ogier, and bring him to condign punishment. Ogier on his part sent messages to the Emperor, offering to give himself up on condition that Charlot should be punished for his atrocious crime. The Emperor would listen to no conditions, and went in pursuit of Ogier at the head of a large body of soldiers. Ogier, on the other hand, was warmly supported by many knights, who pledged themselves in his defence. The contest raged long, with no decisive results. Ogier more than once had the Emperor in his power, but declined to avail himself of his advantage, and released him without conditions. He even implored pardon for himself, but demanded at the same time the punishment of Charlot. But Charlemagne was too blindly fond of his unworthy son to subject him to punishment for the sake of conciliating one who had been so deeply injured.
At length, distressed at the blood which his friends had lost in his cause, Ogier dismissed his little army, and slipping away from those who wished to attend him, took his course to rejoin the Duke Guyon, his brother. On his way, having reached the forest of Ardennes, weary with long travel, the freshness of a retired valley tempted him to lie down to take some repose. He unsaddled Beiffror, relieved himself of his helmet, lay down on the turf, rested his head on his shield, and slept.
It so happened that Turpin, who occasionally recalled to mind that he was Archbishop of Rheins, was at that time in the vicinity, making a pastoral visit to the churches under his jurisdiction. But his dignity of peer of France, and his martial spirit, which caused him to be reckoned among the "preux chevaliers" of his time, forbade him to travel without as large a retinue of knights as he had of clergymen. One of these was thirsty, and knowing the fountain on the borders of which Ogier was reposing, he rode to it, and was struck by the sight of a knight stretched on the ground. He hastened back, and let the Archbishop know, who approached the fountain, and recognized Ogier.
The first impulse of the good and generous Turpin was to save his friend, for whom he felt the warmest attachment; but his archdeacons and knights, who also recognized Ogier, reminded the Archbishop of the oath which the Emperor had exacted of them all. Turpin could not be false to his oath; but it was not without a groan that he permitted his followers to bind the sleeping knight. The Archbishop's attendants secured the horse and arms of Ogier, and conducted their prisoner to the Emperor at Soissons.
The Emperor had become so much embittered by Ogier's obstinate resistance, added to his original fault, that he was disposed to order him to instant death. But Turpin, seconded by the good Dukes Namo and Salomon, prayed so hard for him that Charlemagne consented to remit a violent death, but sentenced him to close imprisonment, under the charge of the Archbishop, strictly limiting his food to one quarter of a loaf of bread per day, with one piece of meat, and a quarter of a cup of wine. In this way he hoped to quickly put an end to his life without bringing on himself the hostility of the King of Denmark, and other powerful friends of Ogier. He exacted a new oath of Turpin to obey his order strictly.
The good Archbishop loved Ogier too well not to cast about for some means of saving his life, which he foresaw he would soon lose if subjected to such scanty fare, for Ogier was seven feet tall, and had an appetite in proportion. Turpin remembered, moreover, that Ogier was a true son of the Church, always zealous to propagate the faith and subdue unbelievers; so he felt justified in practising on this occasion what in later times has been entitled "mental reservation," without swerving from the letter of the oath which he had taken. This is the method he hit upon.
Every morning he had his prisoner supplied with a quarter of a loaf of bread, made of two bushels of flour, to this he added a quarter of a sheep or a fat calf, and he had a cup made which held forty pints of wine, and allowed Ogier a quarter of it daily.
Ogier's imprisonment lasted long; Charlemagne was astonished to hear, from time to time, that he still held out; and when he inquired more particularly of Turpin, the good Archbishop, relying on his own understanding of the words, did not hesitate to affirm positively that he allowed his prisoner no more than the permitted ration.
We forgot to say that, when Ogier was led prisoner to Soissons, the Abbot of Saint Faron, observing the fine horse Beiffror, and not having at the time any other favor to ask of Charlemagne, begged the Emperor to give him the horse, and had him taken to his abbey. He was impatient to try his new acquisition, and when he had arrived in his litter at the foot of the mountain where the horse had been brought to meet him mounted him and rode onward. The horse, accustomed to bear the enormous weight of Ogier in his armor, when he perceived nothing on his back but the light weight of the Abbot, whose long robes fluttered against his sides, ran away, making prodigious leaps over the steep acclivities of the mountain till he reached the convent of Jouaire, where, in sight of the Abbess and her nuns, he threw the Abbot, already half dead with fright, to the ground. The Abbot, bruised and mortified, revenged himself on poor Beiffror, whom he condemned, in his wrath, to be given to the workmen to drag stones for a chapel that he was building near the abbey. Thus, ill-fed, hard-worked, and often beaten, the noble horse Beiffror passed the time while his master's imprisonment lasted.
That imprisonment would have been as long as his life if it had not been for some important events which forced the Emperor to set Ogier at liberty.
The Emperor learned at the same time that Carahue, King of Mauritania, was assembling an army to come and demand the liberation of Ogier; that Guyon, King of Denmark, was prepared to second the enterprise with all his forces; and, worse than all, that the Saracens, under Bruhier, Sultan of Arabia, had landed in Gascony, taken Bordeaux, and were marching with all speed for Paris.
Charlemagne now felt how necessary the aid of Ogier was to him. But, in spite of the representations of Turpin, Namo, and Salomon, he could not bring himself to consent to surrender Charlot to such punishment as Ogier should see fit to impose. Besides, he believed that Ogier was without strength and vigor, weakened by imprisonment and long abstinence.
At this crisis he received a message from Bruhier, proposing to put the issue upon the result of a combat between himself and the Emperor or his champion; promising, if defeated, to withdraw his army. Charlemagne would willingly have accepted the challenge, but his counsellors all opposed it. The herald was therefore told that the Emperor would take time to consider his proposition, and give his answer the next day.
It was during this interval that the three Dukes succeeded in prevailing upon Charlemagne to pardon Ogier, and to send for him to combat the puissant enemy who now defied him; but it was no easy task to persuade Ogier. The idea of his long imprisonment and the recollection of his son, bleeding and dying in his arms by the blow of the ferocious Charlot, made him long resist the urgency of his friends. Though glory called him to encounter Bruhier, and the safety of Christendom demanded the destruction of this proud enemy of the faith, Ogier only yielded at last on condition that Charlot should be delivered into his hands to be dealt with as he should see fit.
The terms were hard, but the danger was pressing, and Charlemagne, with a returning sense of justice, and a strong confidence in the generous though passionate soul of Ogier, at last consented to them.
Ogier was led into the presence of Charlemagne by the three peers. The Emperor, faithful to his word, had caused Charlot to be brought into the hall where the high barons were assembled, his hands tied, and his head uncovered. When the Emperor saw Ogier approach he took Charlot by the arm, led him towards Ogier, and said these words: "I surrender the criminal; do with him as you think fit." Ogier, without replying, seized Charlot by the hair, forced him on his knees, and lifted with the other hand his irresistible sword. Charlemagne, who expected to see the head of his son rolling at his feet, shut his eyes and uttered a cry of horror.
Ogier had done enough. The next moment he raised Charlot, cut his bonds, kissed him on the mouth, and hastened to throw himself at the feet of the Emperor.
Nothing can exceed the surprise and joy of Charlemagne at seeing his son unharmed and Ogier kneeling at his feet. He folded him in his arms, bathed him with tears, and exclaimed to his barons, "I feel at this moment that Ogier is greater than I." As for Charlot, his base soul felt nothing but the joy of having escaped death; he remained such as he had been, and it was not till some years afterwards he received the punishment he deserved, from the hands of Huon of Bordeaux, as we have seen in a former chapter.
WHEN Charlemagne had somewhat recovered his composure he was surprised to observe that Ogier appeared in good case, and had a healthy color in his cheeks. He turned to the Archbishop, who could not help blushing as he met his eye. "By the head of Bertha, my queen," said Charlemagne, "Ogier has had good quarters in your castle, my Lord Archbishop; but so much the more am I indebted to you." All the barons laughed and jested with Turpin, who only said, "Laugh as much as you please, my lords; but for my part I am not sorry to see the arm in full vigor that is to avenge us on the proud Saracen."
Charlemagne immediately despatched his herald, accepting the challenge, and appointing the next day but one for the encounter. The proud and crafty Bruhier laughed scornfully when he heard the reply accepting his challenge, for he had a reliance on certain resources besides his natural strength and skill. However, he swore by Mahomet to observe the conditions as proposed and agreed upon.
Ogier now demanded his armor, and it was brought to him in excellent condition, for the good Turpin had kept it faithfully; but it was not easy to provide a horse for the occasion. Charlemagne had the best horses of his stables brought out, except Blanchard, his own charger; but all in vain, the weight of Ogier bent their backs to the ground. In this embarrassment the Archbishop remembered that the Emperor had given Beiffror to the Abbot of St. Faron, and sent off a courier in haste to re-demand him.
Monks are hard masters, and the one who directed the laborers at the abbey had but too faithfully obeyed the orders of the Abbot. Poor Beiffror was brought back, lean, spiritless, and chafed with the harness of the vile cart that he had had to draw so long. He carried his head down, and trod heavily before Charlemagne; but when he heard the voice of Ogier he raised his head, he neighed, his eyes flashed, his former ardor showed itself by the force with which he pawed the ground. Ogier caressed him, and the good steed seemed to return his caresses; Ogier mounted him, and Beiffror, proud of carrying his master again, leapt and curvetted with all his youthful vigor.
Nothing being now wanted, Charlemagne, at the head of his army, marched forth from the city of Paris, and occupied the hill of Montmartre, whence the view extended over the plain of St. Denis, where the battle was to be fought.
When the appointed day came the Dukes Namo and Salomon, as seconds of Ogier, accompanied him to the place marked out for the lists, and Bruhier, with two distinguished Emirs, presented himself on the other side.
Bruhier was in high spirits, and jested with his friends, as he advanced, upon the appearance of Beiffror. "Is that the horse they presume to match with Marchevallee, the best steed that ever fed in the vales of Mount Atlas?" But now the combatants, having met and saluted each other, ride apart to come together in full career. Beiffror flew over the plain, and met the adversary more than half-way. The lances of the two combatants were shivered at the shock, and Bruhier was astonished to see almost at the same instant the sword of Ogier gleaming above his head. He parried it with his buckler, and gave Ogier a blow on his helmet, who returned it with another, better aimed or better seconded by the temper of his blade, for it cut away part of Bruhier's helmet, and with it his ear and part of his cheek. Ogier, seeing the blood, did not immediately repeat his blow, and Bruhier seized the moment to gallop off at one side. As he rode he took a vase of gold which hung at his saddle-bow, and bathed with its contents the wounded part. The blood instantly ceased to flow, the ear and the flesh were restored quite whole, and the Dane was astonished to see his antagonist return to the ground as sound as ever.
Bruhier laughed at his amazement. "Know," said he, "that I possess the precious balm that Joseph of Arimathea used upon the body of the crucified one, whom you worship. If I should lose an arm I could restore it with a few drops of this. It is useless for you to contend with me. Yield yourself, and, as you appear to be a strong fellow, I will make you first oarsman in one of my galleys."
Ogier, though boiling with rage, forgot not to implore the assistance of Heaven. "O Lord!" he exclaimed, "suffer not the enemy of thy name to profit by the powerful help of that which owes all its virtue to thy divine blood." At these words he attacked Bruhier again with more vigor than ever; both struck terrible blows, and made grievous wounds; but the blood flowed from those of Ogier, while Bruhier stanched his by the application of his balm. Ogier, desperate at the unequal contest, grasped Cortana with both hands, and struck his enemy such a blow that it cleft his buckler, and cut off his arm with it; but Bruhier at the same time launched one at Ogier, which, missing him, struck the head of Beiffror, and the good horse fell, and drew down his master in his fall.
Bruhier had time to leap to the ground, to pick up his arm and apply his balsam; then, before Ogier had recovered his footing, he rushed forward with sword uplifted to complete his destruction.
Charlemagne, from the height of Montmartre, seeing the brave Ogier in this situation, groaned, and was ready to murmur against Providence; but the good Turpin, raising his arms, with a faith like that of Moses, drew down upon the Christian warrior the favor of Heaven.
Ogier, promptly disengaging himself, pressed Bruhier with so much impetuosity that he drove him to a distance from his horse, to whose saddle-bow the precious balm was suspended; and very soon Charlemagne saw Ogier, now completely in the advantage, bring his enemy to his knees, tear off his helmet, and, with a sweep of his sword, strike his head from his body.
After the victory, Ogier seized Marchevallee, leaped upon his back, and became possessed of the precious flask, a few drops from which closed his wounds and restored his strength. The French knights who had been Bruhier's captives, now released, pressed round Ogier to thank him for their deliverance.
Charlemagne and his nobles, as soon as their attention was relieved from the single combat, perceived from their elevated position an unusual agitation in the enemy's camp. They attributed it at first to the death of their general, but soon the noise of arms, the cries of combatants, and new standards which advanced, disclosed to them the fact that Bruhier's army was attacked by a new enemy.
The Emperor was right; it was the brave Carahue of Mauritania, who, with an army, had arrived in France, resolved to attempt the liberation of Ogier, his brother in arms. Learning on his arrival the changed aspect of affairs, he hesitated not to render a signal service to the Emperor, by attacking the army of Bruhier in the midst of the consternation occasioned by the loss of its commander.
Ogier recognized the standard of his friend, and leaping upon Marchevallee, flew to aid his attack. Charlemagne followed with his army; and the Saracen host, after an obstinate conflict, was forced to surrender unconditionally.
The interview of Ogier and Carahue was such as might be anticipated of two such attached friends and accomplished knights. Charlemagne went to meet them, embraced them, and putting the King of Mauritania on his right and Ogier on his left, returned with triumph to Paris. There the Empress Bertha and the ladies of her court crowned them with laurels, and the sage and gallant Eginhard, chamberlain and secretary of the Emperor, wrote all these great events in his history.
A few days after Guyon, King of Denmark, arrived in France with a chosen band of knights, and sent an ambassador to Charlemagne, to say that he came, not as an enemy, but to render homage to him as the best knight of the time and the head of the Christian world. Charlemagne gave the ambassador a cordial reception, and mounting his horse, rode forward to meet the King of Denmark.
These great princes, being assembled at the court of Charles, held council together, and the ancient and sage barons were called to join it.
It was decided that the united Danish and Mauritanian armies should cross the sea and carry the war to the country of the Saracens, and that a thousand French knights should range themselves under the banner of Ogier, the Dane, who, though not a king, should have equal rank with the two others.
We have not space to record all the illustrious actions performed by Ogier and his allies in this war. Suffice it to say, they subdued the Saracens of Ptolemais and Judaea, and, erecting those regions into a kingdom, placed the crown upon the head of Ogier. Guyon and Carahue then left him, to return to their respective dominions. Ogier adopted Walter, the son of Guyon of Denmark, to be his successor in his kingdom. He superintended his education, and saw the young prince grow up worthy of his cares. But Ogier, in spite of all the honors of his rank, often regretted the court of Charlemagne, the Duke Namo, and Salomon of Brittany, for whom he had the respect and attachment of a son. At last, finding Walter old enough to sustain the weight of government, Ogier caused a vessel to be prepared secretly, and, attended only by one squire, left his palace by night, and embarked to return to France.
The vessel, driven by a fair wind, cut the sea with the swiftness of a bird; but on a sudden it deviated from its course, no longer obeyed the helm, and sped fast towards a black promontory which stretched into the sea. This was a mountain of loadstone, and, its attractive power increasing as the distance diminished, the vessel at last flew with the swiftness of an arrow towards it, and was dashed to pieces on its rocky base. Ogier alone saved himself, and reached the shore on a fragment of the wreck.
Ogier advanced into the country, looking for some marks of inhabitancy, but found none. On a sudden he encountered two monstrous animals, covered with glittering scales, accompanied by a horse breathing fire. Ogier drew his sword and prepared to defend himself; but the monsters, terrific as they appeared, made no attempt to assail him, and the horse, Papillon, knelt down, and appeared to court Ogier to mount upon his back. Ogier hesitated not to see the adventure through; he mounted Papillon, who ran with speed, and soon cleared the rocks and precipices which hemmed in and concealed a beautiful landscape. He continued his course till he reached a magnificent palace, and, without allowing Ogier time to admire it, crossed a grand court-yard adorned with colonnades, and entered a garden, where, making his way through alleys of myrtle, he checked his course, and knelt down on the enamelled turf of a fountain.
Ogier dismounted and took some steps along the margin of the stream, but was soon stopped by meeting a young beauty, such as they paint the Graces, and almost as lightly attired as they. At the same moment, to his amazement, his armor fell off of its own accord. The young beauty advanced with a tender air, and placed upon his head a crown of flowers. At that instant the Danish hero lost his memory; his combats, his glory, Charlemagne and his court, all vanished from his mind; he saw only Morgana, he desired nothing but to sigh forever at her feet.
We abridge the narrative of all the delights which Ogier enjoyed for more than a hundred years. Time flew by, leaving no impression of its flight. Morgana's youthful charms did not decay, and Ogier had none of those warnings of increasing years which less favored mortals never fail to receive. There is no knowing how long this blissful state might have lasted, if it had not been for an accident, by which Morgana one day, in a sportive moment, snatched the crown from his head. That moment Ogier regained his memory, and lost his contentment. The recollection of Charlemagne, and of his own relatives and friends, saddened the hours which he passed with Morgana. The fairy saw with grief the changed looks of her lover. At last she drew from him the acknowledgment that he wished to go, at least for a time, to revisit Charles's court. She consented with reluctance, and with her own hands helped to reinvest him with his armor. Papillon was led forth, Ogier mounted him, and, taking a tender adieu of the tearful Morgana, crossed at rapid speed the rocky belt which separated Morgana's palace from the borders of the sea. The sea-goblins which had received him at his coming awaited him on the shore. One of them took Ogier on his back, and the other placing himself under Papillon, they spread their broad fins, and in a short time traversed the wide space that separates the isle of Avalon from France. They landed Ogier on the coast of Languedoc, and then plunged into the sea and disappeared.
Ogier remounted on Papillon, who carried him across the kingdom almost as fast as he had passed the sea. He arrived under the walls of Paris, which he would scarcely have recognized if the high towers of St. Genevieve had not caught his eye. He went straight to the palace of Charlemagne, which seemed to him to have been entirely rebuilt. His surprise was extreme, and increased still more on finding that he understood with difficulty the language of the guards and attendants in replying to his questions; and seeing them smile as they tried to explain to one another the language in which he addressed them. Presently the attention of some of the barons who were going to court was attracted to the scene, and Ogier, who recognized the badges of their rank, addressed them, and inquired if the Dukes Namo and Salomon were still residing at the Emperor's court. At this question the barons looked at one another in amazement; and one of the eldest said to the rest, "How much this knight resembles the portrait of my grand-uncle, Ogier the Dane." "Ah! my dear nephew, I am Ogier the Dane," said he; and he remembered that Morgana had told him that he was little aware of the flight of time during his abode with her.
The barons, more astonished than ever, concluded to conduct him to the monarch who then reigned, the great Hugh Capet.
The brave Ogier entered the palace without hesitation; but when, on reaching the royal hall, the barons directed him to make his obeisance to the King of France, he was astonished to see a man of short stature and large head, whose air, nevertheless, was noble and martial, seated upon the throne on which he had so often seen Charlemagne, the tallest and handsomest sovereign of his time.
Ogier recounted his adventures with simplicity and affectedness. Hugh Capet was slow to believe him; but Ogier recalled so many proofs and circumstances, that at last he was forced to recognize the aged warrior to be the famous Ogier the Dane.
The king informed Ogier of the events which had taken place during his long absence; that the line of Charlemagne was extinct; that a new dynasty had commenced; that the old enemies of the kingdom, the Saracens, were still troublesome; and that at that very time an army of those miscreants was besieging the city of Chartres, to which he was about to repair in a few days to its relief. Ogier, always inflamed with the love of glory, offered the service of his arm, which the illustrious monarch accepted graciously, and conducted him to the queen. The astonishment of Ogier was redoubled when he saw the new ornaments and head-dresses of the ladies; still, the beautiful hair which they built up on their foreheads, and the feathers interwoven, which waved with so much grace, gave them a noble air that delighted him. His admiration increased when, instead of the old Empress Bertha, he saw a young queen who combined a majestic mien with the graces of her time of life, and manners candid and charming, suited to attach all hearts. Ogier saluted the youthful queen with a respect so profound that many of the courtiers took him for a foreigner, or at least for some nobleman brought up at a distance from Paris, who retained the manners of what they called the old court.
When the queen was informed by her husband that it was the celebrated Ogier the Dane whom he presented to her, whose memorable exploits she had often read in the chronicles of antiquity, her surprise was extreme, which was increased when she remarked the dignity of his address, the animation and even the youthfulness of his countenance. This queen had too much intelligence to believe hastily; proof alone could compel her assent; and she asked him many questions about the old court of Charlemagne, and received such instructive and appropriate answers as removed every doubt. It is to the corrections which Ogier was at that time enabled to make to the popular narratives of his exploits that we are indebted for the perfect accuracy and trustworthiness of all the details of our own history.
King Hugh Capet, having received that same evening couriers from the inhabitants of Chartres, informing him that they were hard pressed by the besiegers, resolved to hasten with Ogier to their relief.
Ogier terminated this affair as expeditiously as he had so often done others. The Saracens having dared to offer battle, he bore the Oriflamme through the thickest of their ranks; Papillon, breathing fire from his nostrils, threw them into disorder, and Cortana, wielded by his invincible arm, soon finished their overthrow.
The king, victorious over the Saracens, led back the Danish hero to Paris, where the deliverer of France received the honors due to his valor. Ogier continued some time at the court, detained by the favor of the king and queen; but erelong he had the pain to witness the death of the king. Then it was that, impressed with all the perfections which he had discerned in the queen, he could not withhold the tender homage of the offer of his hand. The queen would perhaps have accepted it, she had even called a meeting of her great barons to deliberate on the proposition, when, the day before the meeting was to be held, at the moment when Ogier was kneeling at her feet, she perceived a crown of gold which an invisible hand had placed on his brow, and in an instant a cloud enveloped Ogier, and he disappeared forever from her sight. It was Morgana, the fairy, whose jealousy was awakened at what she beheld, who now resumed her power, and took him away to dwell with her in the island of Avalon. There, in company with the great King Arthur of Britain, he still lives, and when his illustrious friend shall return to resume his ancient reign he will doubtless return with him, and share his triumph.
Abdalrahman, founder of the independent Ommiad (Saracenic) power in Spain, conquered at Tours by Charles Martel.
Aberfraw, scene of nuptials of Branwen and Matholch.
Absyrtus, younger brother of Medea.
Abydos, a town on the Hellespont, nearly opposite to Sestos.
Abyla, Mount, or Columna, a mountain in Morocco, near Ceuta, now called Jebel Musa or Ape's Hill, forming the Northwestern extremity of the African coast opposite Gibraltar (See Pillars of Hercules).
Acestes, son of a Trojan woman who was sent by her father to Sicily, that she might not be devoured by the monsters which infested the territory of Troy.
Acetes, Bacchanal captured by Pentheus.
Achates, faithful friend and companion of Aeneas.
Achelous, river-god of the largest river in Greece--his Horn of Plenty.
Achilles, the hero of the Iliad, son of Peleus and of the Nereid Thetis, slain by Paris.
Acis, youth loved by Galatea and slain by Polyphemus.
Acontius, a beautiful youth, who fell in love with Cydippe, the daughter of a noble Athenian.
Acrisius, son of Abas, king of Argos, grandson of Lynceus, the great-grandson of Danaus.
Actaeon, a celebrated huntsman, son of Aristaeus and Autonoe, who, having seen Diana bathing, was changed by her to a stag and killed by his own dogs.
Admeta, daughter of Eurystheus, covets Hippolyta's girdle.
Admetus, king of Thessaly, saved from death by Alcestis.
Adonis, a youth beloved by Aphrodite (Venus), and Proserpine; killed by a boar.
Adrastus, a king of Argos.
Aeacus, son of Zeus (Jupiter) and Aegina, renowned in all Greece for his justice and piety.
Aeaea, Circe's island, visited by Ulysses.
Aeetes, or Aeeta, son of Helios (the Sun) and Perseis, and father of Medea and Absyrtus.
Aegeus, king of Athens.
Aegina, a rocky island in the middle of the Saronic gulf.
Aegis, shield or breastplate of Jupiter and Minerva.
Aegisthus, murderer of Agamemnon, slain by Orestes.
Aeneas, Trojan hero, son of Anchises and Aphrodite (Venus), and born on Mount Ida, reputed first settler of Rome.
Aeneid, poem by Virgil, relating the wanderings of Aeneas from Troy to Italy.
Ae'olus, son of Hellen and the nymph Orseis, represented in Homer as the happy ruler of the Aeolian Islands, to whom Zeus had given dominion over the winds.
Aesculapius, god of the medical art.
Aeson, father of Jason, made young again by Medea.
Aethiopians, inhabitants of the country south of Egypt.
Aethra, mother of Theseus by Aegeus.
Aetna, volcano in Sicily.
Agamedes, brother of Trophonius, distinguished as an architect.
Agamemnon, son of Plisthenis and grandson of Atreus, king of Mycenae, although the chief commander of the Greeks, is not the hero of the Iliad, and in chivalrous spirit altogether inferior to Achilles.
Agave, daughter of Cadmus, wife of Echion, and mother of Pentheus.
Agenor, father of Europa, Cadmus, Cilix, and Phoenix.
Aglaia, one of the Graces.
Agni, Hindu god of fire.
Agramant, a king in Africa.
Agrican, fabled king of Tartary, pursuing Angelica, finally killed by Orlando.
Agrivain, one of Arthur's knights.
Ahriman, the Evil Spirit in the dual system of Zoroaster, See Ormuzd
Ajax, son of Telamon, king of Salamis, and grandson of Aeacus, represented in the Iliad as second only to Achilles in bravery.
Alba, the river where King Arthur fought the Romans.
Alba Longa, city in Italy founded by son of Aeneas.
Alberich, dwarf guardian of Rhine gold treasure of the Nibelungs
Albracca, siege of.
Alcestis, wife of Admetus, offered hersell as sacrifice to spare her husband, but rescued by Hercules.
Alcides (Hercules).
Alcina, enchantress.
Alcinous, Phaeacian king.
Alcippe, daughter of Mars, carried off by Halirrhothrus.
Alcmena, wife of Jupiter, and mother of Hercules.
Alcuin, English prelate and scholar.
Aldrovandus, dwarf guardian of treasure.
Alecto, one of the Furies.
Alexander the Great, king of Macedonia, conqueror of Greece, Egypt, Persia, Babylonia, and India.
Alfadur, a name for Odin.
Alfheim, abode of the elves of light.
Alice, mother of Huon and Girard, sons of Duke Sevinus.
Alphenor, son of Niobe.
Alpheus, river god pursuing Arethusa, who escaped by being changed to a fountain.
Althaea, mother of Meleager, whom she slew because he had in a quarrel killed her brothers, thus disgracing "the house of Thestius," her father.
Amalthea, nurse of the infant Jupiter in Crete.
Amata, wife of Latinus, driven mad by Alecto.
Amaury of Hauteville, false hearted Knight of Charlemagne.
Amazons, mythical race of warlike women.
Ambrosia, celestial food used by the gods.
Ammon, Egyptian god of life identified by Romans with phases of Jupiter, the father of gods.
Amphiaraus, a great prophet and hero at Argos.
Amphion, a musician, son of Jupiter and Antiope (See Dirce).
Amphitrite, wife of Neptune.
Amphyrsos, a small river in Thessaly.
Ampyx, assailant of Perseus, turned to stone by seeing Gorgon's head.
Amrita, nectar giving immortality.
Amun, See Ammon
Amymone, one of the fifty daughters of Danaus, and mother by Poseidon (Neptune) of Nauplius, the father of Palamedes.
Anaxarete, a maiden of Cyprus, who treated her lover Iphis with such haughtiness that he hanged himself at her door.
Anbessa, Saracenic governor of Spain (725 AD).
Anceus, one of the Argonauts.
Anchises, beloved by Aphrodite (Venus), by whom he became the father of Aeneas.
Andraemon, husband of Dryope, saw her changed into a tree.
Andret, a cowardly knight, spy upon Tristram.
Andromache, wife of Hector
Andromeda, daughter of King Cephas, delivered from monster by Perseus
Aneurin, Welsh bard
Angelica, Princess of Cathay
Anemone, short lived wind flower, created by Venus from the blood of the slain Adonis
Angerbode, giant prophetess, mother of Fenris, Hela and the Midgard Serpent
Anglesey, a Northern British island, refuge of Druids fleeing from Romans
Antaeus, giant wrestler of Libya, killed by Hercules, who, finding him stronger when thrown to the earth, lifted him into the air and strangled him
Antea, wife of jealous Proetus
Antenor, descendants of, in Italy
Anteros, deity avenging unrequited love, brother of Eros (Cupid)
Anthor, a Greek
Antigone, daughter of Aedipus, Greek ideal of filial and sisterly fidelity
Antilochus, son of Nestor
Antiope, Amazonian queen. See Dirce
Anubis, Egyptian god, conductor of the dead to judgment
Apennines
Aphrodite See Venus, Dione, etc.
Apis, Egyptian bull god of Memphis
Apollo, god of music and song
Apollo Belvedere, famous antique statue in Vatican at Rome
Apples of the Hesperides, wedding gifts to Juno, guarded by daughters of Atlas and Hesperis, stolen by Atlas for Hercules.
Aquilo, or Boreas, the North Wind.
Aquitaine, ancient province of Southwestern France.
Arachne, a maiden skilled in weaving, changed to a spider by Minerva for daring to compete with her.
Arcadia, a country in the middle of Peloponnesus, surrounded on all sides by mountains.
Arcady, star of, the Pole star.
Arcas, son of Jupiter and Callisto.
Archer, constellation of the.
Areopagus, court of the, at Athens.
Ares, called Mars by the Romans, the Greek god of war, and one of the great Olympian gods.
Arethusa, nymph of Diana, changed to a fountain.
Argius king of Ireland, father of Isoude the Fair.
Argo, builder of the vessel of Jason for the Argonautic expedition.
Argolis, city of the Nemean games.
Argonauts, Jason's crew seeking the Golden Fleece.
Argos, a kingdom in Greece.
Argus, of the hundred eyes, guardian of Io.
Ariadne, daughter of King Minos, who helped Theseus slay the Minotaur.
Arimanes SEE Ahriman.
Arimaspians, one-eyed people of Syria.
Arion, famous musician, whom sailors cast into the sea to rob him, but whose lyric song charmed the dolphins, one of which bore him safely to land.
Aristaeus, the bee keeper, in love with Eurydice.
Armorica, another name for Britain.
Arridano, a magical ruffian, slain by Orlando.
Artemis SEE Diana
Arthgallo, brother of Elidure, British king.
Arthur, king in Britain about the 6th century.
Aruns, an Etruscan who killed Camilla.
Asgard, home of the Northern gods.
Ashtaroth, a cruel spirit, called by enchantment to bring Rinaldo to death.
Aske, the first man, made from an ash tree.
Astolpho of England, one of Charlemagne's knights.
Astraea, goddess of justice, daughter of Astraeus and Eos.
Astyages, an assailant of Perseus.
Astyanax, son of Hector of Troy, established kingdom of Messina in Italy.
Asuias, opponents of the Braminical gods.
Atalanta, beautiful daughter of King of Icaria, loved and won in a foot race by Hippomenes.
Ate, the goddess of infatuation, mischief and guilt.
Athamas, son of Aeolus and Enarete, and king of Orchomenus, in Boeotia, SEE Ino
Athene, tutelary goddess of Athens, the same as Minerva.
Athens, the capital of Attica, about four miles from the sea, between the small rivers Cephissus and Ilissus.
Athor, Egyptian deity, progenitor of Isis and Osiris.
Athos, the mountainous peninsula, also called Acte, which projects from Chalcidice in Macedonia.
Atlantes, foster father of Rogero, a powerful magician.
Atlantis, according to an ancient tradition, a great island west of the Pillars of Hercules, in the ocean, opposite Mount Atlas.
Atlas, a Titan, who bore the heavens on his shoulders, as punishment for opposing the gods, one of the sons of Iapetus.
Atlas, Mount, general name for range in northern Africa.
Atropos, one of the Fates
Attica, a state in ancient Greece.
Audhumbla, the cow from which the giant Ymir was nursed. Her milk was frost melted into raindrops.
Augean stables, cleansed by Hercules.
Augeas, king of Elis.
Augustan age, reign of Roman Emperor Augustus Caesar, famed for many great authors.
Augustus, the first imperial Caesar, who ruled the Roman Empire 31 BC--14 AD.
Aulis, port in Boeotia, meeting place of Greek expedition against Troy.
Aurora, identical with Eos, goddess of the dawn.
Aurora Borealis, splendid nocturnal luminosity in northern sky, called Northern Lights, probably electrical.
Autumn, attendant of Phoebus, the Sun.
Avalon, land of the Blessed, an earthly paradise in the Western Seas, burial place of King Arthur.
Avatar, name for any of the earthly incarnations of Vishnu, the Preserver (Hindu god).
Aventine, Mount, one of the Seven Hills of Rome.
Avernus, a miasmatic lake close to the promontory between Cumae and Puteoli, filling the crater of an extinct volcano, by the ancients thought to be the entrance to the infernal regions.
Avicenna, celebrated Arabian physician and philosopher.
Aya, mother of Rinaldo.
Aymon, Duke, father of Rinaldo and Bradamante.
Baal, king of Tyre.
Babylonian River, dried up when Phaeton drove the sun chariot.
Bacchanali a, a feast to Bacchus that was permitted to occur but once in three years, attended by most shameless orgies.
Bacchanals, devotees and festal dancers of Bacchus.
Bacchus (Dionysus), god of wine and revelry.
Badon, battle of, Arthur's final victory over the Saxons.
Bagdemagus, King, a knight of Arthur's time.
Baldur, son of Odin, and representing in Norse mythology the sun god.
Balisardo, Orlando's sword.
Ban, King of Brittany, ally of Arthur, father of Launcelot.
Bards, minstrels of Welsh Druids.
Basilisk SEE Cockatrice
Baucis, wife of Philemon, visited by Jupiter and Mercury.
Bayard, wild horse subdued by Rinaldo.
Beal, Druids' god of life.
Bedivere, Arthur's knight.
Bedver, King Arthur's butler, made governor of Normandy.
Bedwyr, knightly comrade of Geraint.
Belisarda, Rogero's sword.
Bellerophon, demigod, conqueror of the Chimaera.
Bellona, the Roman goddess of war, represented as the sister or wife of Mars.
Beltane, Druidical fire festival.
Belus, son of Poseidon (Neptune) and Libya or Eurynome, twin brother of Agenor.
Bendigeid Vran, King of Britain.
Beowulf, hero and king of the Swedish Geats.
Beroe, nurse of Semele.
Bertha, mother of Orlando.
Bifrost, rainbow bridge between the earth and Asgard
Bladud, inventor, builder of the city of Bath.
Blamor, a knight of Arthur.
Bleoberis, a knight of Arthur.
Boeotia, state in ancient Greece, capital city Thebes.
Bohort, King, a knight of Arthur.
Bona Dea, a Roman divinity of fertility.
Bootes, also called Areas, son of Jupiter and Calisto, changed to constellation of Ursa Major.
Boreas, North wind, son of Aeolus and Aurora.
Bosporus (Bosphorus), the Cow-ford, named for Io, when as a heifer she crossed that strait.
Bradamante, sister to Rinaldo, a female warrior.
Brademagus, King, father of Sir Maleagans.
Bragi, Norse god of poetry.
Brahma, the Creator, chief god of Hindu religion.
Branwen, daughter of Llyr, King of Britain, wife of Mathclch.
Breciliande, forest of, where Vivian enticed Merlin.
Brengwain, maid of Isoude the Fair
Brennus, son of Molmutius, went to Gaul, became King of the Allobroges.
Breuse, the Pitiless, a caitiff knight.
Briareus, hundred armed giant.
Brice, Bishop, sustainer of Arthur when elected king.
Brigliadoro, Orlando's horse.
Briseis, captive maid belonging to Achilles.
Britto, reputed ancestor of British people.
Bruhier, Sultan of Arabia.
Brunello, dwarf, thief, and king
Brunhild, leader of the Valkyrie.
Brutus, great grandson of Aeneas, and founder of city of New Troy (London), SEE Pandrasus
Bryan, Sir, a knight of Arthur.
Buddha, called The Enlightened, reformer of Brahmanism, deified teacher of self abnegation, virtue, reincarnation, Karma (inevitable sequence of every act), and Nirvana (beatific absorption into the Divine), lived about
Byblos, in Egypt.
Byrsa, original site of Carthage.
Cacus, gigantic son of Vulcan, slain by Hercules, whose captured cattle he stole.
Cadmus, son of Agenor, king of Phoenicia, and of Telephassa, and brother of Europa, who, seeking his sister, carried off by Jupiter, had strange adventures--sowing in the ground teeth of a dragon he had killed, which sprang up armed men who slew each other, all but five, who helped Cadmus to found the city of Thebes.
Caduceus, Mercury's staff.
Cadwallo, King of Venedotia (North Wales).
Caerleon, traditional seat of Arthur's court.
Caesar, Julius, Roman lawyer, general, statesman and author, conquered and consolidated Roman territory, making possible the Empire.
Caicus, a Greek river.
Cairns, Druidical store piles.
Calais, French town facing England.
Calchas, wisest soothsayer among the Greeks at Troy.
Caliburn, a sword of Arthur.
Calliope, one of the nine Muses
Callisto, an Arcadian nymph, mother of Arcas (SEE Bootes), changed by Jupiter to constellation Ursa Minor.
Calpe, a mountain in the south of Spain, on the strait between the Atlantic and Mediterranean, now Rock of Gibraltar.
Calydon, home of Meleager.
Calypso, queen of Island of Ogyia, where Ulysses was wrecked and held seven years.
Camber, son of Brutus, governor of West Albion (Wales).
Camelot, legendary place in England where Arthur's court and palace were located.
Camenae, prophetic nymphs, belonging to the religion of ancient Italy.
Camilla, Volscian maiden, huntress and Amazonian warrior, favorite of Diana.
Camlan, battle of, where Arthur was mortally wounded.
Canterbury, English city.
Capaneus, husband of Evadne, slain by Jupiter for disobedience.
Capet, Hugh, King of France (987-996 AD).
Caradoc Briefbras, Sir, great nephew of King Arthur.
Carahue, King of Mauretania.
Carthage, African city, home of Dido
Cassandra, daughter of Priam and Hecuba, and twin sister of Helenus, a prophetess, who foretold the coming of the Greeks but was not believed.
Cassibellaunus, British chieftain, fought but not conquered by Caesar.
Cassiopeia, mother of Andromeda.
Castalia, fountain of Parnassus, giving inspiration to Oracular priestess named Pythia.
Castalian Cave, oracle of Apollo.
Castes (India).
Castor and Pollux--the Dioscuri, sons of Jupiter and Leda,--Castor a horseman, Pollux a boxer (SEE Gemini).
Caucasus, Mount
Cavall, Arthur's favorite dog.
Cayster, ancient river.
Cebriones, Hector's charioteer.
Cecrops, first king of Athens.
Celestials, gods of classic mythology.
Celeus, shepherd who sheltered Ceres, seeking Proserpine, and whose infant son Triptolemus was in gratitude made great by Ceres.
Cellini, Benvenuto, famous Italian sculptor and artificer in metals.
Celtic nations, ancient Gauls and Britons, modern Bretons, Welsh, Irish and Gaelic Scotch.
Centaurs, originally an ancient race, inhabiting Mount Pelion in Thessaly, in later accounts represented as half horses and half men, and said to have been the offspring of Ixion and a cloud.
Cephalus, husband of beautiful but jealous Procris.
Cephe us, King of Ethiopians, father of Andromeda.
Cephisus, a Grecian stream.
Cerberus, three-headed dog that guarded the entrance to Hades, called a son of Typhaon and Echidna
CERES (See Demeter)
CESTUS, the girdle of Venus
CEYX, King of Thessaly (See Halcyone)
CHAOS, original Confusion, personified by Greeks as most ancient of the gods
CHARLEMAGNE, king of the Franks and emperor of the Romans
CHARLES MARTEL', king of the Franks, grandfather of Charlemagne, called Martel (the Hammer) from his defeat of the Saracens at Tours
CHARLOT, son of Charlemagne
CHARON, son of Erebos, conveyed in his boat the shades of the dead across the rivers of the lower world
CHARYB'DIS, whirlpool near the coast of Sicily, See Scylla
CHIMAERA, a fire breathing monster, the fore part of whose body was that of a lion, the hind part that of a dragon, and the middle that of a goat, slain by Bellerophon
CHINA, Lamas (priests) of
CHOS, island in the Grecian archipelago
CHIRON, wisest of all the Centaurs, son of Cronos (Saturn) and Philyra, lived on Mount Pelion, instructor of Grecian heroes
CHRYSEIS, Trojan maid, taken by Agamemnon
CHRYSES, priest of Apollo, father of Chryseis
CICONIANS, inhabitants of Ismarus, visited by Ulysses
CIMBRI, an ancient people of Central Europe
Cimmeria, a land of darkness
Cimon, Athenian general
Circe, sorceress, sister of Aeetes
Cithaeron, Mount, scene of Bacchic worship
Clarimunda, wife of Huon
Clio, one of the Muses
Cloridan, a Moor
Clotho, one of the Fates
Clymene, an ocean nymph
Clytemnestra, wife of Agamemnon, killed by Orestes
Clytie, a water nymph, in love with Apollo
Cnidos, ancient city of Asia Minor, seat of worship of Aphrodite (Venus)
Cockatrice (or Basilisk), called King of Serpents, supposed to kill with its look
Cocytus, a river of Hades
Colchis, a kingdom east of the Black Sea
Colophon, one of the seven cities claiming the birth of Homer
Columba, St, an Irish Christian missionary to Druidical parts of Scotland
Conan, Welsh king
Constantine, Greek emperor
Cordeilla, daughter of the mythical King Leir
Corineus, a Trojan warrior in Albion
Cornwall, southwest part of Britain
Cortana, Ogier's sword
Corybantes, priests of Cybele, or Rhea, in Phrygia, who celebrated her worship with dances, to the sound of the drum and the cymbal, 143
Crab, constellation
Cranes and their enemies, the Pygmies, of Ibycus
Creon, king of Thebes
Crete, one of the largest islands of the Mediterranean Sea, lying south of the Cyclades
Creusa, daughter of Priam, wife of Aeneas
Crocale, a nymph of Diana
Cromlech, Druidical altar
Cronos, See Saturn
Crotona, city of Italy
Cuchulain, Irish hero, called the "Hound of Ireland,"
Culdees', followers of St. Columba, Cumaean Sibyl, seeress of Cumae, consulted by Aeneas, sold Sibylline books to Tarquin
Cupid, child of Venus and god of love
Curoi of Kerry, wise man
Cyane, river, opposed Pluto's passage to Hades
Cybele (Rhea)
Cyclopes, creatures with circular eyes, of whom Homer speaks as a gigantic and lawless race of shepherds in Sicily, who devoured human beings, they helped Vulcan to forge the thunderbolts of Zeus under Aetna
Cymbeline, king of ancient Britain
Cynosure (Dog's tail), the Pole star, at tail of Constellation Ursa Minor
Cynthian mountain top, birthplace of Artemis (Diana) and Apollo
Cyprus, island off the coast of Syria, sacred to Aphrodite
Cyrene, a nymph, mother of Aristaeus
Daedalus, architect of the Cretan Labyrinth, inventor of sails
Daguenet, King Arthur's fool
Dalai Lama, chief pontiff of Thibet
Danae, mother of Perseus by Jupiter
Danaides, the fifty daughters of Danaus, king of Argos, who were betrothed to the fifty sons of Aegyptus, but were commanded by their father to slay each her own husband on the marriage night
Danaus (See Danaides)
Daphne, maiden loved by Apollo, and changed into a laurel tree
Dardanelles, ancient Hellespont
Dardanus, progenitor of the Trojan kings
Dardinel, prince of Zumara
Dawn, See Aurora
Day, an attendant on Phoebus, the Sun
Day star (Hesperus)
Death, See Hela
Deiphobus, son of Priam and Hecuba, the bravest brother of Paris
Dejanira, wife of Hercules
Delos, floating island, birthplace of Apollo and Diana
Delphi, shrine of Apollo, famed for its oracles
Demeter, Greek goddess of marriage and human fertility, identified by Romans with Ceres
Demeha, South Wales
Demodocus, bard of Alomous, king of the Phaeaeians
Deucalion, king of Thessaly, who with his wife Pyrrha were the only pair surviving a deluge sent by Zeus
Dia, island of
Diana (Artemis), goddess of the moon and of the chase, daughter of Jupiter and Latona
Diana of the Hind, antique sculpture in the Louvre, Paris
Diana, temple of
Dictys, a sailor
Didier, king of the Lombards
Dido, queen of Tyre and Carthage, entertained the shipwrecked Aeneas
Diomede, Greek hero during Trojan War
Dione, female Titan, mother of Zeus, of Aphrodite (Venus)
Dionysus See Bacchus
Dioscuri, the Twins (See Castor and Pollux)
Dirce, wife of Lycus, king of Thebes, who ordered Amphion and Zethus to tie Antiope to a wild bull, but they, learning Antiope to be their mother, so treated Dirce herself
Dis See Pluto
Discord, apple of, See Eris.
Discordia, See Eris.
Dodona, site of an oracle of Zeus (Jupiter)
Dorceus, a dog of Diana
Doris, wife of Nereus
Dragon's teeth sown by Cadmus
Druids, ancient Celtic priests
Dryades (or Dryads), See Wood nymphs
Dryope, changed to a lotus plant, for plucking a lotus--enchanted form of the nymph Lotis
Dubricius, bishop of Caerleon.
Dudon, a knight, comrade of Astolpho.
Dunwallo Molmu'tius, British king and lawgiver
Durindana, sword of Orlando or Rinaldo
Dwarfs in Wagner's Nibelungen Ring
Earth (Gaea); goddess of the
Ebudians, the
Echo, nymph of Diana, shunned by Narcissus, faded to nothing but a voice
Ecklenlied, the
Eddas, Norse mythological records.
Ederyn, son of Nudd
Egena, nymph of the Fountain
Eisteddfod, session of Welsh bards and minstrels
Electra, the lost one of the Pleiades, also, sister of Orestes
Eleusian Mysteries, instituted by Ceres, and calculated to awaken feelings of piety and a cheerful hope of better life in the future
Eleusis, Grecian city
Elgin Marbles, Greek sculptures from the Parthenon of Athens, now in British Museum, London, placed there by Lord Elgin
Eliaures, enchanter
Elidure, a king of Britain
Elis, ancient Greek city
Elli, old age; the one successful wrestler against Thor
Elphin, son of Gwyddiro
Elves, spiritual beings, of many powers and dispositions--some evil, some good
Elvidnir, the ball of Hela
Elysian Fields, the land of the blest
Elysian Plain, whither the favored of the gods were taken without death
Elysium, a happy land, where there is neither snow, nor cold, nor ram. Hither favored heroes, like Menelaus, pass without dying, and live happy under the rule of Rhadamanthus. In the Latin poets Elysium is part of the lower world, and the residence of the shades of the blessed
Embla, the first woman
Enseladus, giant defeated by Jupiter
Endymion, a beautiful youth beloved by Diana
Enid, wife of Geraint
Enna, vale of home of Proserpine
Enoch, the patriarch
Epidaurus, a town in Argolis, on the Saronic gulf, chief seat of the worship of Aeculapius, whose temple was situated near the town
Epimetheus, son of Iapetus, husband of Pandora, with his brother Prometheus took part in creation of man
Epirus, country to the west of Thessaly, lying along the Adriatic Sea
Epopeus, a sailor
Erato, one of the Muses
Erbin of Cornwall, father of Geraint
Erebus, son of Chaos, region of darkness, entrance to Hades
Eridanus, river
Erinys, one of the Furies
Eriphyle, sister of Polynices, bribed to decide on war, in which her husband was slain
Eris (Discordia), goddess of discord. At the wedding of Peleus and Thetis, Eris being uninvited threw into the gathering an apple "For the Fairest," which was claimed by Hera (Juno), Aphrodite (Venus) and Athena (Minerva) Paris, being called upon for judgment, awarded it to Aphrodite
Erisichthon, an unbeliever, punished by famine
Eros See Cupid
Erytheia, island
Eryx, a mount, haunt of Venus
Esepus, river in Paphlagonia
Estrildis, wife of Locrine, supplanting divorced Guendolen
Eteocles, son of Oeipus and Jocasta
Etruscans, ancient people of Italy.
Etzel, king of the Huns
Euboic Sea, where Hercules threw Lichas, who brought him the poisoned shirt of Nessus
Eude, king of Aquitaine, ally of Charles Martel
Eumaeus, swineherd of Aeeas
Eumenides, also called Erinnyes, and by the Romans Furiae or Diraae, the Avenging Deities, See Furies
Euphorbus, a Trojan, killed by Menelaus
Euphros'yne, one of the Graces
Europa, daughter of the Phoenician king Agenor, by Zeus the mother of Minos, Rhadamanthus, and Sarpedon
Eurus, the East wind
Euyalus, a gallant Trojan soldier, who with Nisus entered the Grecian camp, both being slain.
Eurydice, wife of Orpheus, who, fleeing from an admirer, was killed by a snake and borne to Tartarus, where Orpheus sought her and was permitted to bring her to earth if he would not look back at her following him, but he did, and she returned to the Shades.
Eurylochus, a companion of Ulysses.
Eurynome, female Titan, wife of Ophlon
Eurystheus, taskmaster of Hercules.
Eurytion, a Centaur (See Hippodamia).
Euterpe, Muse who presided over music.
Evadne, wife of Capaneus, who flung herself upon his funeral pile and perished with him
Evander, Arcadian chief, befriending Aeneas in Italy.
Evnissyen, quarrelsome brother of Branwen.
Excalibar, sword of King Arthur.
Fafner, a giant turned dragon, treasure stealer, by the Solar Theory simply the Darkness who steals the day.
Falerina, an enchantress.
Fasolt, a giant, brother of Fafner, and killed by him.
"Fasti," Ovid's, a mythological poetic calendar.
FATA MORGANA, a mirage
FATES, the three, described as daughters of Night--to indicate the darkness and obscurity of human destiny--or of Zeus and Themis, that is, "daughters of the just heavens" they were Clo'tho, who spun the thread of life, Lach'esis, who held the thread and fixed its length and At'ropos, who cut it off
FAUNS, cheerful sylvan deities, represented in human form, with small horns, pointed ears, and sometimes goat's tail
FAUNUS, son of Picus, grandson of Saturnus, and father of Latinus, worshipped as the protecting deity of agriculture and of shepherds, and also as a giver of oracles
FAVONIUS, the West wind
FEAR
FENRIS, a wolf, the son of Loki the Evil Principle of Scandinavia, supposed to have personated the element of fire, destructive except when chained
FENSALIR, Freya's palace, called the Hall of the Sea, where were brought together lovers, husbands, and wives who had been separated by death
FERRAGUS, a giant, opponent of Orlando
FERRAU, one of Charlemagne's knights
FERREX. brother of Porrex, the two sons of Leir
FIRE WORSHIPPERS, of ancient Persia, See Parsees FLOLLO, Roman tribune in Gaul
FLORA, Roman goddess of flowers and spring
FLORDELIS, fair maiden beloved by Florismart
FLORISMART, Sir, a brave knight.
FLOSSHILDA, one of the Rhine daughters
FORTUNATE FIELDS
FORTUNATE ISLANDS (See Elysian Plain)
FORUM, market place and open square for public meetings in Rome, surrounded by court houses, palaces, temples, etc
FRANCUS, son of Histion, grandson of Japhet, great grandson of Noah, legendary ancestor of the Franks, or French
FREKI, one of Odin's two wolves
FREY, or Freyr, god of the sun
FREYA, Norse goddess of music, spring, and flowers
FRICKA, goddess of marriage
FRIGGA, goddess who presided over smiling nature, sending sunshine, rain, and harvest
FROH, one of the Norse gods
FRONTI'NO, Rogero's horse
FURIES (Erinnyes), the three retributive spirits who punished crime, represented as snaky haired old woman, named Alecto, Megaeira, and Tisiphone
FUSBERTA, Rinaldo's sword
GAEA, or Ge, called Tellus by the Romans, the personification of the earth, described as the first being that sprang fiom Chaos, and gave birth to Uranus (Heaven) and Pontus (Sea)
GAHARIET, knight of Arthur's court
GAHERIS, knight
GALAFRON, King of Cathay, father of Angelica
GALAHAD, Sir, the pure knight of Arthur's Round Table, who safely took the Siege Perilous (which See)
GALATEA, a Nereid or sea nymph
GALATEA, statue carved and beloved by Pygmalion
GALEN, Greek physician and philosophical writer
GALLEHANT, King of the Marches
GAMES, national athletic contests in Greece--Olympian, at Olympia, Pythian, near Delphi, seat of Apollo's oracle, Isthmian, on the Corinthian Isthmus, Nemean, at Nemea in Argolis
GAN, treacherous Duke of Maganza
GANELON of Mayence, one of Charlemagne's knights
GANGES, river in India
GANO, a peer of Charlemagne
GANYMEDE, the most beautiful of all mortals, carried off to Olympus that he might fill the cup of Zeus and live among the immortal gods
GARETH, Arthur's knight
GAUDISSO, Sultan
GAUL, ancient France
GAUTAMA, Prince, the Buddha
GAWAIN, Arthur's knight
GAWL, son of Clud, suitor for Rhiannon
GEMINI (See Castor), constellation created by Jupiter from the twin brothers after death, 158
GENGHIS Khan, Tartar conqueror
GENIUS, in Roman belief, the protective Spirit of each individual man, See Juno
GEOFFREY OF MON'MOUTH, translator into Latin of the Welsh History of the Kings of Britain (1150)
GERAINT, a knight of King Arthur
GERDA, wife of Frey
GERI, one of Odin's two wolves
GERYON, a three bodied monster
GESNES, navigator sent for Isoude the Fair
GIALLAR HORN, the trumpet that Heimdal will blow at the judgment day
GIANTS, beings of monstrous size and of fearful countenances, represented as in constant opposition to the gods, in Wagner's Nibelungen Ring
GIBICHUNG RACE, ancestors of Alberich
GIBRALTAR, great rock and town at southwest corner of Spain (See Pillars of Hercules)
GILDAS, a scholar of Arthur's court
GIRARD, son of Duke Sevinus
GLASTONBURY, where Arthur died
GLAUCUS, a fisherman, loving Scylla
GLEIPNIR, magical chain on the wolf Fenris
GLEWLWYD, Arthur's porter
GOLDEN FLEECE, of ram used for escape of children of Athamas, named Helle and Phryxus (which See), after sacrifice of ram to Jupiter, fleece was guarded by sleepless dragon and gained by Jason and Argonauts (which See, also Helle)
GONERIL, daughter of Leir
GORDIAN KNOT, tying up in temple the wagon of Gordius, he who could untie it being destined to be lord of Asia, it was cut by Alexander the Great, 48
Gordius, a countryman who, arriving in Phrygia in a wagon, was made king by the people, thus interpreting an oracle, 48
Gorgons, three monstrous females, with huge teeth, brazen claws and snakes for hair, sight of whom turned beholders to stone, Medusa, the most famous, slain by Perseus
Gorlois, Duke of Tintadel
Gouvernail, squire of Isabella, queen of Lionesse, protector of her son Tristram while young, and his squire in knighthood
Graal, the Holy, cup from which the Saviour drank at Last Supper, taken by Joseph of Arimathea to Europe, and lost, its recovery becoming a sacred quest for Arthur's knights
Graces, three goddesses who enhanced the enjoyments of life by refinement and gentleness; they were Aglaia (brilliance), Euphrosyne (joy), and Thalia (bloom)
Gradas'so, king of Sericane
Graeae, three gray haired female watchers for the Gorgons, with one movable eye and one tooth between the three
Grand Lama, Buddhist pontiff in Thibet
Grendel, monster slain by Beowulf
Gryphon (griffin), a fabulous animal, with the body of a lion and the head and wings of an eagle, dwelling in the Rhipaean mountains, between the Hyperboreans and the one eyed Arimaspians, and guarding the gold of the North.
Guebers, Persian fire worshippers.
Guendolen, wife of Locrine.
Guenevere, wife of King Arthur, beloved by Launcelot.
Guerin, lord of Vienne, father of Oliver.
Guiderius, son of Cymbeline.
Guillamurius, king in Ireland.
Guimier, betrothed of Caradoc.
Gullinbursti, the boar drawing Frey's car.
Gulltopp, Heimdell's horse.
Gunfasius, King of the Orkneys.
Ganther, Burgundian king, brother of Kriemhild.
Gutrune, half sister to Hagen.
Gwern son of Matholch and Branwen.
Gwernach the Giant.
Gwiffert Petit, ally of Geraint.
Gwyddno, Garanhir, King of Gwaelod.
Gwyr, judge in the court of Arthur.
Gyoll, river.
Hades, originally the god of the nether world--the name later used to designate the gloomy subterranean land of the dead.
Haemon, son of Creon of Thebes, and lover of Antigone.
Haemonian city.
Haemus, Mount, northern boundary of Thrace.
Hagan, a principal character in the Nibelungen Lied, slayer of Siegfried.
HALCYONE, daughter of Aeneas, and the beloved wife of Ceyx, who, when he was drowned, flew to his floating body, and the pitying gods changed them both to birds (kingfishers), who nest at sea during a certain calm week in winter ("halcyon weather")
HAMADRYADS, tree-nymphs or wood-nymphs, See Nymphs
HARMONIA, daughter of Mars and Venus, wife of Cadmus
HAROUN AL RASCHID, Caliph of Arabia, contemporary of Charlemagne
HARPIES, monsters, with head and bust of woman, but wings, legs and tail of birds, seizing souls of the wicked, or punishing evildoers by greedily snatching or defiling their food
HARPOCRATES, Egyptian god, Horus
HEBE, daughter of Juno, cupbearer to the gods
HEBRUS, ancient name of river Maritzka
HECATE, a mighty and formidable divinity, supposed to send at night all kinds of demons and terrible phantoms from the lower world
HECTOR, son of Priam and champion of Troy
HECTOR, one of Arthur's knights
HECTOR DE MARYS', a knight
HECUBA, wife of Priam, king of Troy, to whom she bore Hector, Paris, and many other children
HEGIRA, flight of Mahomet from Mecca to Medina (622 AD), era from which Mahometans reckon time, as we do from the birth of Christ
HEIDRUN, she goat, furnishing mead for slain heroes in Valhalla
HEIMDALL, watchman of the gods
HEL, the lower world of Scandinavia, to which were consigned those who had not died in battle
HELA (Death), the daughter of Loki and the mistress of the Scandinavian Hel
HELEN, daughter of Jupiter and Leda, wife of Menelaus, carried off by Paris and cause of the Trojan War
HELENUS, son of Priam and Hecuba, celebrated for his prophetic powers
HELIADES, sisters of Phaeton
HELICON, Mount, in Greece, residence of Apollo and the Muses, with fountains of poetic inspiration, Aganippe and Hippocrene
HELIOOPOLIS, city of the Sun, in Egypt
HELLAS, Gieece
HELLE, daughter of Thessalian King Athamas, who, escaping from cruel father with her brother Phryxus, on ram with golden fleece, fell into the sea strait since named for her (See Golden Fleece)
HELLESPONt, narrow strait between Europe and Asia Minor, named for Helle
HENGIST, Saxon invader of Britain, 449 AD
HEPHAESTOS, See VULCAN
HERA, called Juno by the Romans, a daughter of Cronos (Saturn) and Rhea, and sister and wife of Jupiter, See JUNO
HERCULES, athletic hero, son of Jupiter and Alcmena, achieved twelve vast labors and many famous deeds
HEREWARD THE WAKE, hero of the Saxons
HERMES (Mercury), messenger of the gods, deity of commerce, science, eloquence, trickery, theft, and skill generally
HERMIONE, daughter of Menelaus and Helen
HERMOD, the nimble, son of Odin
HERO, a priestess of Venus, beloved of Leander
HERODOTUS, Greek historian
HESIOD, Greek poet
HESPERIA, ancient name for Italy
HESPERIDES (See Apples of the Hesperides)
HESPERUS, the evening star (also called Day Star)
HESTIA, cilled Vesta by the Romans, the goddess of the hearth
HILDEBRAND, German magician and champion
HINDU TRIAD, Brahma, Vishnu, and Siva
HIPPOCRENE (See Helicon)
HIPPODAMIA, wife of Pirithous, at whose wedding the Centaurs offered violence to the bride, causing a great battle
HIPPOGRIFF, winged horse, with eagle's head and claws
HIPPOLYTA, Queen of the Amazons
Hippolytus, son of Thesus
HIPPOMENES, who won Atalanta in foot race, beguiling her with golden apples thrown for her to
HISTION, son of Japhet
HODUR, blind man, who, fooled by Loki, threw a mistletoe twig at Baldur, killing him
HOEL, king of Brittany
HOMER, the blind poet of Greece, about 850 B C
HOPE (See PANDORA)
HORAE See HOURS
HORSA, with Hengist, invader of Britain
HORUS, Egyptian god of the sun
HOUDAIN, Tristram's dog
HRINGHAM, Baldur's ship
HROTHGAR, king of Denmark
HUGI, who beat Thialfi in foot races
HUGIN, one of Odin's two ravens
HUNDING, husband of Sieglinda
HUON, son of Duke Sevinus
HYACINTHUS, a youth beloved by Apollo, and accidentally killed by him, changed in death to the flower, hyacinth
HYADES, Nysaean nymphs, nurses of infant Bacchus, rewarded by being placed as cluster of stars in the heavens
HYALE, a nymph of Diana
HYDRA, nine headed monster slain by Hercules
HYGEIA, goddess of health, daughter of Aesculapius
HYLAS, a youth detained by nymphs of spring where he sought water
HYMEN, the god of marriage, imagined as a handsome youth and invoked in bridal songs
HYMETTUS, mountain in Attica, near Athens, celebrated for its marble and its honey
HYPERBOREANS, people of the far North
HYPERION, a Titan, son of Uranus and Ge, and father of Helios, Selene, and Eos, cattle of.
Hyrcania, Prince of, betrothed to Clarimunda
Hyrieus, king in Greece.
Iapetus, a Titan, son of Uranus and Ge, and father of Atlas, Prometheus, Epimetheus, and Menoetius.
Iasius, father of Atalanta
Ibycus, a poet, story of, and the cranes
Icaria, island of the Aegean Sea, one of the Sporades
Icarius, Spartan prince, father of Penelope
Icarus, son of Daedalus, he flew too near the sun with artificial wings, and, the wax melting, he fell into the sea
Icelos, attendant of Morpheus
Icolumkill SEE Iona
Ida, Mount, a Trojan hill
Idaeus, a Trojan herald
Idas, son of Aphareus and Arene, and brother of Lynceus Idu'na, wife of Bragi
Igerne, wife of Gorlois, and mother, by Uther, of Arthur
Iliad, epic poem of the Trojan War, by Homer
Ilioheus, a son of Niobe
Ilium SEE Troy
Illyria, Adriatic countries north of Greece
Imogen, daughter of Pandrasus, wife of Trojan Brutus
Inachus, son of Oceanus and Tethys, and father of Phoroneus and Io, also first king of Argos, and said to have given his name to the river Inachus
INCUBUS, an evil spirit, supposed to lie upon persons in their sleep
INDRA, Hindu god of heaven, thunder, lightning, storm and rain
INO, wife of Athamas, fleeing from whom with infant son she sprang into the sea and was changed to Leucothea
IO, changed to a heifer by Jupiter
IOBATES, King of Lycia
IOLAUS, servant of Hercules
IOLE, sister of Dryope
IONA, or Icolmkill, a small northern island near Scotland, where St Columba founded a missionary monastery (563 AD)
IONIA, coast of Asia Minor
IPHIGENIA, daughter of Agamemnon, offered as a sacrifice but carried away by Diana
IPHIS, died for love of Anaxarete, 78
IPHITAS, friend of Hercules, killed by him
IRIS, goddess of the rainbow, messenger of Juno and Zeus
IRONSIDE, Arthur's knight
ISABELLA, daughter of king of Galicia
ISIS, wife of Osiris, described as the giver of death
ISLES OF THE BLESSED
ISMARUS, first stop of Ulysses, returning from Trojan War ISME'NOS, a son of Niobe, slain by Apollo
ISOLIER, friend of Rinaldo
ISOUDE THE FAIR, beloved of Tristram
ISOUDE OF THE WHITE HANDS, married to Tristram
ISTHMIAN GAMES, See GAMES
ITHACA, home of Ulysses and Penelope
IULUS, son of Aeneas
IVO, Saracen king, befriending Rinaldo
IXION, once a sovereign of Thessaly, sentenced in Tartarus to be lashed with serpents to a wheel which a strong wind drove continually around
JANICULUM, Roman fortress on the Janiculus, a hill on the other side of the Tiber
JANUS, a deity from the earliest times held in high estimation by the Romans, temple of
JAPHET (Iapetus)
JASON, leader of the Argonauts, seeking the Golden Fleece
JOSEPH OF ARIMATHEA, who bore the Holy Graal to Europe
JOTUNHEIM, home of the giants in Northern mythology
JOVE (Zeus), chief god of Roman and Grecian mythology, See JUPITER
JOYOUS GARDE, residence of Sir Launcelot of the Lake
JUGGERNAUT, Hindu deity
JUNO, the particular guardian spirit of each woman (See Genius)
JUNO, wife of Jupiter, queen of the gods
JUPITER, JOVIS PATER, FATHER JOVE, JUPITER and JOVE used interchangeably, at Dodona, statue of the Olympian
JUPITER AMMON (See Ammon)
JUPITER CAPITOLINUS, temple of, preserving the Sibylline books
JUSTICE, See THEMIS
KADYRIATH, advises King Arthur
KAI, son of Kyner
KALKI, tenth avatar of Vishnu
KAY, Arthur's steward and a knight
KEDALION, guide of Orion
KERMAN, desert of
KICVA, daughter of Gwynn Gloy
KILWICH, son of Kilydd
KILYDD, son of Prince Kelyddon, of Wales
KNEPH, spirit or breath
KNIGHTS, training and life of
KRIEMHILD, wife of Siegfried
KRISHNA, eighth avatar of Vishnu, Hindu deity of fertility in nature and mankind
KYNER, father of Kav
KYNON, son of Clydno
LABYRINTH, the enclosed maze of passageways where roamed the Minotaur of Crete, killed by Theseus with aid of Ariadne
LACHESIS, one of the Fates (which See)
LADY OF THE FOUNTAIN, tale told by Kynon
LAERTES, father of Ulysses
LAESTRYGONIANS, savages attacking Ulysses
LAIUS, King of Thebes
LAMA, holy man of Thibet
LAMPETIA, daughter of Hyperion LAOC'OON, a priest of Neptune, in Troy, who warned the Trojans against the Wooden Horse (which See), but when two serpents came out of the sea and strangled him and his two sons, the people listened to the Greek spy Sinon, and brought the fatal Horse into the town
LAODAMIA, daughter of Acastus and wife of Protesilaus
LAODEGAN, King of Carmalide, helped by Arthur and Merlin
LAOMEDON, King of Troy
LAPITHAE, Thessalonians, whose king had invited the Centaurs to his daughter's wedding but who attacked them for offering violence to the bride
LARES, household deities
LARKSPUR, flower from the blood of Ajax
LATINUS, ruler of Latium, where Aeneas landed in Italy
LATMOS, Mount, where Diana fell in love with Endymion
LATONA, mother of Apollo
LAUNCELOT, the most famous knight of the Round Table
LAUSUS, son of Mezentius, killed by Aeneas
LAVINIA, daughter of Latinus and wife of Aeneas
LAVINIUM, Italian city named for Lavinia
LAW, See THEMIS
LEANDER, a youth of Abydos, who, swimming the Hellespont to see Hero, his love, was drowned
LEBADEA, site of the oracle of Trophomus
LEBYNTHOS, Aegean island
LEDA, Queen of Sparta, wooed by Jupiter in the form of a swan
LEIR, mythical King of Britain, original of Shakespeare's Lear
LELAPS, dog of Cephalus
LEMNOS, large island in the Aegean Sea, sacred to Vulcan
LEMURES, the spectres or spirits of the dead
LEO, Roman emperor, Greek prince
LETHE, river of Hades, drinking whose water caused forgetfulness
LEUCADIA, a promontory, whence Sappho, disappointed in love, was said to have thrown herself into the sea
LEUCOTHEA, a sea goddess, invoked by sailors for protection (See Ino)
LEWIS, son of Charlemagne
LIBER, ancient god of fruitfulness
LIBETHRA, burial place of Orpheus
LIBYA, Greek name for continent of Africa in general
LIBYAN DESERT, in Africa
LIBYAN OASIS
LICHAS, who brought the shirt of Nessus to Hercules
LIMOURS, Earl of
LINUS, musical instructor of Hercules
LIONEL, knight of the Round Table
LLYR, King of Britain
LOCRINE, son of Brutus in Albion, king of Central England
LOEGRIA, kingdom of (England)
LOGESTILLA, a wise lady, who entertained Rogero and his friends
LOGI, who vanquished Loki in an eating contest
LOKI, the Satan of Norse mythology, son of the giant Farbanti
LOT, King, a rebel chief, subdued by King Arthur, then a loyal knight
LOTIS, a nymph, changed to a lotus-plant and in that form plucked by Dryope
LOTUS EATERS, soothed to indolence, companions of Ulysses landing among them lost all memory of home and had to be dragged away before they would continue their voyage
LOVE (Eros) issued from egg of Night, and with arrows and torch produced life and joy
LUCAN, one of Arthur's knights
Lucius Tiberius, Roman procurator in Britain demanding tribute from Arthur
LUD, British king, whose capital was called Lud's Town (London)
LUDGATE, city gate where Lud was buried, 387
LUNED, maiden who guided Owain to the Lady of the Fountain
LYCAHAS, a turbulent sailor
LYCAON, son of Priam
LYCIA, a district in Southern Asia Minor
LYCOMODES, king of the Dolopians, who treacherously slew Theseus
LYCUS, usurping King of Thebes
LYNCEUS, one of the sons of Aegyptus
MABINOGEON, plural of Mabinogi, fairy tales and romances of the Welsh
MABON, son of Modron
MACHAON, son of Aesculapius
MADAN, son of Guendolen
MADOC, a forester of King Arthur
MADOR, Scottish knight
MAELGAN, king who imprisoned Elphin
MAEONIA, ancient Lydia
MAGI, Persian priests
MAHADEVA, same as Siva
MAHOMET, great prophet of Arabia, born in Mecca, 571 AD, proclaimed worship of God instead of idols, spread his religion through disciples and then by force till it prevailed, with Arabian dominion, over vast regions in Asia, Africa, and Spain in Europe
MAIA, daughter of Atlas and Pleione, eldest and most beautiful of the Pleiades
MALAGIGI the Enchanter, one of Charlemagne's knights
MALEAGANS, false knight
MALVASIUS, King of Iceland
MAMBRINO, with invisible helmet
MANAWYD DAN, brother of King Vran, of London
MANDRICARDO, son of Agrican
MANTUA, in Italy, birthplace of Virgil
MANU, ancestor of mankind
MARATHON, where Theseus and Pirithous met
MARK, King of Cornwall, husband of Isoude the Fair
MARO See VIRGIL
MARPHISA, sister of Rogero
MARSILIUS, Spanish king, treacherous foe of Charlemagne
MARSYAS, inventor of the flute, who challenged Apollo to musical competition, and, defeated, was flayed alive
MATSYA, the Fish, first avatar of Vishnu
MEANDER, Grecian river
MEDE, A, princess and sorceress who aided Jason
MEDORO, a young Moor, who wins Angelica
MEDUSA, one of the Gorgons
MEGAERA, one of the Furies
MELAMPUS, a Spartan dog, the first mortal endowed with prophetic powers
MELANTHUS, steersman for Bacchus
MELEAGER, one of the Argonauts (See Althaea)
MELIADUS, King of Lionesse, near Cornwall
MELICERTES, infant son of Ino. changed to Palaemon (See Ino, Leucothea, and Palasmon)
MELISSA, priestess at Merlin's tomb
MELISSEUS, a Cretan king
MELPOMENE, one of the Muses
MEMNON, the beautiful son of Tithonus and Eos (Aurora), and king of the Ethiopians, slain in Trojan War
MEMPHIS, Egyptian city
MENELAUS, son of King of Sparta, husband of Helen
MENOECEUS, son of Creon, voluntary victim in war to gain success for his father
MENTOR, son of Alcimus and a faithful friend of Ulysses
MERCURY (See HERMES)
MERLIN, enchanter
MEROPE, daughter of King of Chios, beloved by Orion
MESMERISM, likened to curative oracle of Aesculapius at Epidaurus
METABUS, father of Camilla
METAMORPHOSES, Ovid's poetical legends of mythical transformations, a large source of our knowledge of classic mythology
METANIRA, a mother, kind to Ceres seeking Proserpine
METEMPSYCHOSIS, transmigration of souls--rebirth of dying men and women in forms of animals or human beings
METIS, Prudence, a spouse of Jupiter
MEZENTIUS, a brave but cruel soldier, opposing Aeneas in Italy
MIDAS
MIDGARD, the middle world of the Norsemen
MIDGARD SERPENT, a sea monster, child of Loki
MILKY WAY, starred path across the sky, believed to be road to palace of the gods
MILO, a great athlete
MLON, father of Orlando
MILTON, John, great English poet, whose History of England is here largely used
MIME, one of the chief dwarfs of ancient German mythology
MINERVA (Athene), daughter of Jupiter, patroness of health, learning, and wisdom
MINOS, King of Crete
MINO TAUR, monster killed by Theseus
MISTLETOE, fatal to Baldur
MNEMOSYNE, one of the Muses
MODESTY, statue to
MODRED, nephew of King Arthur
MOLY, plant, powerful against sorcery
MOMUS, a deity whose delight was to jeer bitterly at gods and men
MONAD, the "unit" of Pythagoras
MONSTERS, unnatural beings, evilly disposed to men
MONTALBAN, Rinaldo's castle
MONTH, the, attendant upon the Sun
MOON, goddess of, see DIANA
MORAUNT, knight, an Irish champion
MORGANA, enchantress, the Lady of the Lake in "Orlando Furioso," same as Morgane Le Fay in tales of Arthur
MORGANE LE FAY, Queen of Norway, King Arthur's sister, an enchantress
MORGAN TUD, Arthur's chief physician
MORPHEUS, son of Sleep and god of dreams
MORTE D'ARTHUr, romance, by Sir Thomas Mallory
MULCIBER, Latin name of Vulcan
MULL, Island of
MUNIN, one of Odin's two ravens
MUSAEUS, sacred poet, son of Orpheus
MUSES, The, nine goddesses presiding over poetry, etc--Calliope, epic poetry, Clio, history, Erato, love poetry, Euterpe, lyric poetry; Melpomene, tragedy, Polyhymnia, oratory and sacred song Terpsichore, choral song and dance, Thalia, comedy and idyls, Urania, astronomy
MUSPELHEIM, the fire world of the Norsemen
MYCENAS, ancient Grecian city, of which Agamemnon was king
MYRDDIN (Merlin)
MYRMIDONS, bold soldiers of Achilles
MYSIA, Greek district on northwest coast of Asia Minor
MYTHOLOGY, origin of, collected myths, describing gods of early peoples
NAIADS, water nymphs
NAMO, Duke of Bavaria, one of Charlemagne's knights
NANNA, wife of Baldur
NANTERS, British king
NANTES, site of Caradoc's castle
NAPE, a dog of Diana
NARCISSUS, who died of unsatisfied love for his own image in the water
NAUSICAA, daughter of King Alcinous, who befriended Ulysses
NAUSITHOUS, king of Phaeacians
NAXOS, Island of
NEGUS, King of Abyssinia
NEMEA, forest devastated by a lion killed by Hercules
NEMEAN GAMES, held in honor of Jupiter and Hercules
NEMEAN LION, killed by Hercules
NEMESIS, goddess of vengeance
NENNIUS, British combatant of Caesar
NEOPTOLEMUS, son of Achilles
NEPENTHE, ancient drug to cause forgetfulness of pain or distress
NEPHELE, mother of Phryxus and Helle
NEPHTHYS, Egyptian goddess
NEPTUNE, identical with Poseidon, god of the sea
NEREIDS, sea nymphs, daughters of Nereus and Doris
NEREUS, a sea god
NESSUS, a centaur killed by Hercules, whose jealous wife sent him a robe or shirt steeped in the blood of Nessus, which poisoned him
NESTOR, king of Pylos, renowned for his wisdom, justice, and knowledge of war
NIBELUNGEN HOARD, treasure seized by Siegfried from the Nibelungs, buried in the Rhine by Hagan after killing Siegfried, and lost when Hagan was killed by Kriemhild, theme of Wagner's four music dramas, "The Ring of the Nibelungen,"
NIBELUNGEN LIED, German epic, giving the same nature myth as the Norse Volsunga Saga, concerning the Hoard
NIBELUNGEN RING, Wagner's music dramas
NIBELUNGS, the, a race of Northern dwarfs
NIDHOGGE, a serpent in the lower world that lives on the dead
NIFFLEHEIM, mist world of the Norsemen, the Hades of absent spirits
NILE, Egyptian river
NIOBE, daughter of Tantalus, proud Queen of Thebes, whose seven sons and seven daughters were killed by Apollo and Diana, at which Amphion, her husband, killed himself, and Niobe wept until she was turned to stone
NISUS, King of Megara
NOAH, as legendary ancestor of French, Roman, German, and British peoples
NOMAN, name assumed by Ulysses
NORNS, the three Scandinavian Fates, Urdur (the past), Verdandi (the present), and Skuld (the future)
NOTHUNG, magic sword
NOTUS, southwest wind
NOX, daughter of Chaos and sister of Erebus, personification of night
Numa, second king of Rome
NYMPHS, beautiful maidens, lesser divinities of nature Dryads and Hamadryads, tree nymphs, Naiads, spring, brook, and river nymphs, Nereids, sea nymphs Oreads, mountain nymphs or hill nymphs
OCEANUS, a Titan, ruling watery elements
OCYROE, a prophetess, daughter of Chiron
ODERIC
ODIN, chief of the Norse gods
ODYAR, famous Biscayan hero
ODYSSEUS See ULYSSES
ODYSSEY, Homer's poem, relating the wanderings of Odysseus (Ulysses) on returning from Trojan War
OEDIPUS, Theban hero, who guessed the riddle of the Sphinx (which See), becoming King of Thebes
OENEUS, King of Calydon
OENONE, nymph, married by Paris in his youth, and abandoned for Helen
OENOPION, King of Chios
OETA, Mount, scene of Hercules' death
OGIER, the Dane, one of the paladins of Charlemagne
OLIVER, companion of Orlando
OLWEN, wife of Kilwich
OLYMPIA, a small plain in Elis, where the Olympic games were celebrated
OLYMPIADS, periods between Olympic games (four years)
OLYMPIAN GAMES, See GAMES
OLYMPUS, dwelling place of the dynasty of gods of which Zeus was the head
OMPHALE, queen of Lydia, daughter of Iardanus and wife of Tmolus
OPHION, king of the Titans, who ruled Olympus till dethroned by the gods Saturn and Rhea
OPS See RHEA
ORACLES, answers from the gods to questions from seekers for knowledge or advice for the future, usually in equivocal form, so as to fit any event, also places where such answers were given forth usually by a priest or priestess
ORC, a sea monster, foiled by Rogero when about to devour Angelica
OREADS, nymphs of mountains and hills
ORESTES, son of Agamemnon and Clytemnestra, because of his crime in killing his mother, he was pursued by the Furies until purified by Minerva
ORION, youthful giant, loved by Diana, Constellation
ORITHYIA, a nymph, seized by Boreas
ORLANDO, a famous knight and nephew of Charlemagne
ORMUZD (Greek, Oromasdes), son of Supreme Being, source of good as his brother Ahriman (Arimanes) was of evil, in Persian or Zoroastrian religion
ORPHEUS, musician, son of Apollo and Calliope, See EURYDICE
OSIRIS, the most beneficent of the Egyptian gods
OSSA, mountain of Thessaly
OSSIAN, Celtic poet of the second or third century
OVID, Latin poet (See Metamorphoses)
OWAIN, knight at King Arthur's court
OZANNA, a knight of Arthur
PACTOLUS, river whose sands were changed to gold by Midas
PAEON, a name for both Apollo and Aesculapius, gods of medicine.
PAGANS, heathen
PALADINS or peers, knights errant
PALAEMON, son of Athamas and Ino
PALAMEDES, messenger sent to call Ulysses to the Trojan War
PALAMEDES, Saracen prince at Arthur's court
PALATINE, one of Rome's Seven Hills
PALES, goddess presiding over cattle and pastures
PALINURUS, faithful steersman of Aeeas
PALLADIUM, properly any image of Pallas Athene, but specially applied to an image at Troy, which was stolen by Ulysses and Diomedes
PALLAS, son of Evander
PALLAS A THE'NE (Minerva)
PAMPHA GUS, a dog of Diana
PAN, god of nature and the universe
PANATHENAEA, festival in honor of Pallas Athene (Minerva)
PANDEAN PIPES, musical instrument of reeds, made by Pan in memory of Syrinx
PANDORA (all gifted), first woman, dowered with gifts by every god, yet entrusted with a box she was cautioned not to open, but, curious, she opened it, and out flew all the ills of humanity, leaving behind only Hope, which remained
PANDRASUS, a king in Greece, who persecuted Trojan exiles under Brutus, great grandson of Aeneas, until they fought, captured him, and, with his daughter Imogen as Brutus' wife, emigrated to Albion (later called Britain)
PANOPE, plain of
PANTHUS, alleged earlier incarnation of Pythagoras
PAPHLAGNIA, ancient country in Asia Minor, south of Black Sea
PAPHOS, daughter of Pygmalion and Galatea (both of which, See)
PARCAE See FATES
PARIAHS, lowest caste of Hindus
PARIS, son of Priam and Hecuba, who eloped with Helen (which. See)
PARNASSIAN LAUREl, wreath from Parnassus, crown awarded to successful poets
PARNASSUS, mountain near Delphi, sacred to Apollo and the Muses
PARSEES, Persian fire worshippers (Zoroastrians), of whom there are still thousands in Persia and India
PARTHENON, the temple of Athene Parthenos ("the Virgin") on the Acropolis of Athens
PASSEBREUL, Tristram's horse
PATROCLUS, friend of Achilles, killed by Hector
PECHEUR, King, uncle of Perceval
PEERS, the
PEG A SUS, winged horse, born from the sea foam and the blood of Medusa
PELEUS, king of the Myrmidons, father of Achilles by Thetis
PELIAS, usurping uncle of Jason
PELION, mountain
PELLEAS, knight of Arthur
PENATES, protective household deities of the Romans
PENDRAGON, King of Britain, elder brother of Uther Pendragon, who succeeded him
PENELOPE, wife of Ulysses, who, waiting twenty years for his return from the Trojan War, put off the suitors for her hand by promising to choose one when her weaving was done, but unravelled at night what she had woven by day
PENEUS, river god, river
PENTHESILEA, queen of Amazons
PENTHEUS, king of Thebes, having resisted the introduction of the worship of Bacchus into his kingdom, was driven mad by the god
PENUS, Roman house pantry, giving name to the Penates
PEPIN, father of Charlemagne
PEPLUS, sacred robe of Minerva
PERCEVAL, a great knight of Arthur
PERDIX, inventor of saw and compasses
PERIANDER, King of Corinuh, friend of Arion
PERIPHETES, son of Vulcan, killed by Theseus
PERSEPHONE, goddess of vegetation, 8 See Pioserpine
PERSEUS, son of Jupiter and Danae, slayer of the Gorgon Medusa, deliverer of Andromeda from a sea monster, 116 122, 124, 202
PHAEACIANS, people who entertained Ulysses
PHAEDRA, faithless and cruel wife of Theseus
PHAETHUSA, sister of Phaeton, 244
PHAETON, son of Phoebus, who dared attempt to drive his father's sun chariot
PHANTASOS, a son of Somnus, bringing strange images to sleeping men
PHAON, beloved by Sappho
PHELOT, knight of Wales
PHEREDIN, friend of Tristram, unhappy lover of Isoude
PHIDIAS, famous Greek sculptor
PHILEMON, husband of Baucis
PHILOCTETES, warrior who lighted the fatal pyre of Hercules
PHILOE, burial place of Osiris
PHINEUS, betrothed to Andromeda
PHLEGETHON, fiery river of Hades
PHOCIS
PHOEBE, one of the sisters of Phaeton
PHOEBUS (Apollo), god of music, prophecy, and archery, the sun god
PHOENIX, a messenger to Achilles, also, a miraculous bird dying in fire by its own act and springing up alive from its own ashes
PHORBAS, a companion of Aeneas, whose form was assumed by Neptune in luring Palinuras the helmsman from his roost
PHRYXUS, brother of Helle
PINABEL, knight
PILLARS OF HERCULES, two mountains--Calpe, now the Rock of Gibraltar, southwest corner of Spain in Europe, and Abyla, facing it in Africa across the strait
PINDAR, famous Greek poet
PINDUS, Grecian mountain
PIRENE, celebrated fountain at Corinth
PIRITHOUS, king of the Lapithae in Thessaly, and friend of Theseus, husband of Hippodamia
PLEASURE, daughter of Cupid and Psyche
PLEIADES, seven of Diana's nymphs, changed into stars, one being lost
PLENTY, the Horn of
PLEXIPPUS, brother of Althea
PLINY, Roman naturalist
PLUTO, the same as Hades, Dis, etc. god of the Infernal Regions
PLUTUS, god of wealth
PO, Italian river
POLE STAR
POLITES, youngest son of Priam of Troy
POLLUX, Castor and (Dioscuri, the Twins) (See Castor)
POLYDECTES, king of Seriphus
POLYDORE, slain kinsman of Aeneas, whose blood nourished a bush that bled when broken
POLYHYMNIA, Muse of oratory and sacred song
POLYIDUS, soothsayer
POLYNICES, King of Thebes
POLYPHEMUS, giant son of Neptune
POLYXENA, daughter of King Priam of Troy
POMONA, goddess of fruit trees (See VERTUMNUS)
PORREX and FER'REX, sons of Leir, King of Britain
PORTUNUS, Roman name for Palaemon
POSEIDON (Neptune), ruler of the ocean
PRECIPICE, threshold of Helas hall
PRESTER JOHN, a rumored priest or presbyter, a Christian pontiff in Upper Asia, believed in but never found
PRIAM, king of Troy
PRIWEN, Arthur's shield
PROCRIS, beloved but jealous wife of Cephalus
PROCRUSTES, who seized travellers and bound them on his iron bed, stretching the short ones and cutting short the tall, thus also himself served by Theseus
PROETUS, jealous of Bellerophon
PROMETHEUS, creator of man, who stole fire from heaven for man's use
PROSERPINE, the same as Persephone, goddess of all growing things, daughter of Ceres, carried off by Pluto
PROTESILAUS, slain by Hector the Trojan, allowed by the gods to return for three hours' talk with his widow Laodomia
PROTEUS, the old man of the sea
PRUDENCE (Metis), spouse of Jupiter
PRYDERI, son of Pwyll
PSYCHE, a beautiful maiden, personification of the human soul, sought by Cupid (Love), to whom she responded, lost him by curiosity to see him (as he came to her only by night), but finally through his prayers was made immortal and restored to him, a symbol of immortality
PURANAS, Hindu Scriptures
PWYLL, Prince of Dyved
PYGMALION, sculptor in love with a statue he had made, brought to life by Venus, brother of Queen Dido
PYGMIES, nation of dwarfs, at war with the Cranes
PYLADES, son of Straphius, friend of Orestes
PYRAMUS, who loved Thisbe, next door neighbor, and, their parents opposing, they talked through cracks in the house wall, agreeing to meet in the near by woods, where Pyramus, finding a bloody veil and thinking Thisbe slain, killed himself, and she, seeing his body, killed herself (Burlesqued in Shakespeare's "Midsummer Night's Dream")
PYRRHA, wife of Deucalion
PYRRHUS (Neoptolemus), son of Achilles
PYTHAGORAS, Greek philosopher (540 BC), who thought numbers to be the essence and principle of all things, and taught transmigration of souls of the dead into new life as human or animal beings
PYTHIA, priestess of Apollo at Delphi
PYTHIAN GAMES
PYTHIAN ORACLE
PYTHON, serpent springing from Deluge slum, destroyed by Apollo
QUIRINUS (from quiris, a lance or spear), a war god, said to be Romulus, founder of Rome
RABICAN, noted horse
RAGNAROK, the twilight (or ending) of the gods
RAJPUTS, minor Hindu caste
REGAN, daughter of Leir
REGILLUS, lake in Latium, noted for battle fought near by between the Romans and the Latins
REGGIO, family from which Rogero sprang
REMUS, brother of Romulus, founder of Rome
RHADAMANTHUS, son of Jupiter and Europa after his death one of the judges in the lower world
RHAPSODIST, professional reciter of poems among the Greeks
RHEA, female Titan, wife of Saturn (Cronos), mother of the chief gods, worshipped in Greece and Rome
RHINE, river
RHINE MAIDENS, OR DAUGHTERS, three water nymphs, Flosshilda, Woglinda, and Wellgunda, set to guard the Nibelungen Hoard, buried in the Rhine
RHODES, one of the seven cities claiming to be Homer's birthplace
RHODOPE, mountain in Thrace
RHONGOMYANT, Arthur's lance
RHOECUS, a youth, beloved by a Dryad, but who brushed away a bee sent by her to call him to her, and she punished him with blindness
RHIANNON, wife of Pwyll
RINALDO, one of the bravest knights of Charlemagne
RIVER OCEAN, flowing around the earth
ROBERT DE BEAUVAIS', Norman poet (1257)
ROBIN HOOD, famous outlaw in English legend, about time of Richard Coeur de Lion
ROCKINGHAM, forest of
RODOMONT, king of Algiers
ROGERO, noted Saracen knight
ROLAND (Orlando), See Orlando
ROMANCES
ROMANUS, legendary great grandson of Noah
ROME
ROMULUS, founder of Rome
RON, Arthur's lance
RONCES VALLES', battle of
ROUND TABLE King Arthur's instituted by Merlin the Sage for Pendragon, Arthur's father, as a knightly order, continued and made famous by Arthur and his knights
RUNIC CHARACTERS, or runes, alphabetic signs used by early Teutonic peoples, written or graved on metal or stone
RUTULIANS, an ancient people in Italy, subdued at an early period by the Romans
RYENCE, king in Ireland
SABRA, maiden for whom Severn River was named, daughter of Locrine and Estrildis thrown into river Severn by Locrine's wife, transformed to a river nymph, poetically named Sabrina
SACRIPANT, king of Circassia
SAFFIRE, Sir, knight of Arthur
SAGAS, Norse tales of heroism, composed by the Skalds
SAGRAMOUR, knight of Arthur
St. MICHAEL'S MOUNT, precipitous pointed rock hill on the coast of Brittany, opposite Cornwall
SAKYASINHA, the Lion, epithet applied to Buddha
SALAMANDER, a lizard like animal, fabled to be able to live in fire
SALAMIS, Grecian city
SALMONEUS, son of Aeolus and Enarete and brother of Sisyphus
SALOMON, king of Brittany, at Charlemagne's court
SAMHIN, or "fire of peace," a Druidical festival
SAMIAN SAGE (Pythagoras)
SAMOS, island in the Aegean Sea
SAMOTHRACIAN GODS, a group of agricultural divinities, worshipped in Samothrace
SAMSON, Hebrew hero, thought by some to be original of Hercules
SAN GREAL (See Graal, the Holy)
SAPPHO, Greek poetess, who leaped into the sea from promontory of Leucadia in disappointed love for Phaon
SARACENS, followers of Mahomet
SARPEDON, son of Jupiter and Europa, killed by Patroclus
SATURN (Cronos)
SATURNALIA, a annual festival held by Romans in honor of Saturn
SATURNIA, an ancient name of Italy
SATYRS, male divinities of the forest, half man, half goat
SCALIGER, famous German scholar of 16th century
SCANDINAVIA, mythology of, giving account of Northern gods, heroes, etc
SCHERIA, mythical island, abode of the Phaeacians
SCHRIMNIR, the boar, cooked nightly for the heroes of Valhalla becoming whole every morning
SCIO, one of the island cities claiming to be Homer's birthplace
SCOPAS, King of Thessaly
SCORPION, constellation
SCYLLA, sea nymph beloved by Glaucus, but changed by jealous Circe to a monster and finally to a dangerous rock on the Sicilian coast, facing the whirlpool Charybdis, many mariners being wrecked between the two, also, daughter of King Nisus of Megara, who loved Minos, besieging her father's city, but he disliked her disloyalty and drowned her, also, a fair virgin of Sicily, friend of sea nymph Galatea
SCYROS, where Theseus was slain
SCYTHIA, country lying north of Euxine Sea
SEMELE, daughter of Cadmus and, by Jupiter, mother of Bacchus
SEMIRAMIS, with Ninus the mythical founder of the Assyrian empire of Nineveh
SENAPUS, King of Abyssinia, who entertained Astolpho
SERAPIS, or Hermes, Egyptian divinity of Tartarus and of medicine
SERFS, slaves of the land
SERIPHUS, island in the Aegean Sea, one of the Cyclades
SERPENT (Northern constellation)
SESTOS, dwelling of Hero (which See also Leander)
"SEVEN AGAINST THEBES," famous Greek expedition
SEVERN RIVER, in England
SEVINUS, Duke of Guienne
SHALOTT, THE LADY OF
SHATRIYA, Hindu warrior caste
SHERASMIN, French chevalier
SIBYL, prophetess of Cumae
SICHAEUS, husband of Dido
SEIGE PERILOUS, the chair of purity at Arthur's Round Table, fatal to any but him who was destined to achieve the quest of the Sangreal (See Galahad)
SIEGFRIED, young King of the Netherlands, husband of Kriemhild, she boasted to Brunhild that Siegfried had aided Gunther to beat her in athletic contests, thus winning her as wife, and Brunhild, in anger, employed Hagan to murder Siegfried. As hero of Wagner's "Valkyrie," he wins the Nibelungen treasure ring, loves and deserts Brunhild, and is slain by Hagan
SIEGLINDA, wife of Hunding, mother of Siegfried by Siegmund
SIEGMUND, father of Siegfried
SIGTRYG, Prince, betrothed of King Alef's daughter, aided by Hereward
SIGUNA, wife of Loki
SILENUS, a Satyr, school master of Bacchus
SILURES (South Wales)
SILVIA, daughter of Latin shepherd
SILVIUS, grandson of Aeneas, accidentally killed in the chase by his son Brutus
SIMONIDES, an early poet of Greece
SINON, a Greek spy, who persuaded the Trojans to take the Wooden Horse into their city
SIRENS, sea nymphs, whose singing charmed mariners to leap into the sea, passing their island, Ulysses stopped the ears of his sailors with wax, and had himself bound to the mast so that he could hear but not yield to their music
SIRIUS, the dog of Orion, changed to the Dog star
SISYPHUS, condemned in Tartarus to perpetually roll up hill a big rock which, when the top was reached, rolled down again
SIVA, the Destroyer, third person of the Hindu triad of gods
SKALDS, Norse bards and poets
SKIDBLADNIR, Freyr's ship
SKIRNIR, Frey's messenger, who won the god's magic sword by getting him Gerda for his wife
SKRYMIR, a giant, Utgard Loki in disguise, who fooled Thor in athletic feats
SKULD, the Norn of the Future
SLEEP, twin brother of Death
SLEIPNIR, Odin's horse
SOBRINO, councillor to Agramant
SOMNUS, child of Nox, twin brother of Mors, god of sleep
SOPHOCLES, Greek tragic dramatist
SOUTH WIND See Notus
SPAR'TA, capital of Lacedaemon
SPHINX, a monster, waylaying the road to Thebes and propounding riddles to all passers, on pain of death, for wrong guessing, who killed herself in rage when Aedipus guessed aright
SPRING
STONEHENGE, circle of huge upright stones, fabled to be sepulchre of Pendragon
STROPHIUS, father of Pylades
STYGIAN REALM, Hades
STYGIAN SLEEP, escaped from the beauty box sent from Hades to Venus by hand of Psyche, who curiously opened the box and was plunged into unconsciousness
STYX, river, bordering Hades, to be crossed by all the dead
SUDRAS, Hindu laboring caste
SURTUR, leader of giants against the gods in the day of their destruction (Norse mythology)
SURYA, Hindu god of the sun, corresponding to the Greek Helios
SUTRI, Orlando's birthplace
SVADILFARI, giant's horse
SWAN, LEDA AND
SYBARIS, Greek city in Southern Italy, famed for luxury
SYLVANUS, Latin divinity identified with Pan
SYMPLEGADES, floating rocks passed by the Argonauts
SYRINX, nymph, pursued by Pan, but escaping by being changed to a bunch of reeds (See Pandean pipes)
TACITUS, Roman historian
TAENARUS, Greek entrance to lower regions
TAGUS, river in Spain and Portugal
TALIESIN, Welsh bard
TANAIS, ancient name of river Don
TANTALUS, wicked king, punished in Hades by standing in water that retired when he would drink, under fruit trees that withdrew when he would eat
TARCHON, Etruscan chief
TARENTUM, Italian city
TARPEIAN ROCK, in Rome, from which condemned criminals were hurled
TARQUINS, a ruling family in early Roman legend
TAURIS, Grecian city, site of temple of Diana (See Iphigenia)
TAURUS, a mountain
TARTARUS, place of confinement of Titans, etc, originally a black abyss below Hades later, represented as place where the wicked were punished, and sometimes the name used as synonymous with Hades
TEIRTU, the harp of
TELAMON, Greek hero and adventurer, father of Ajax
TELEMACHUS, son of Ulysses and Penelope
TELLUS, another name for Rhea
TENEDOS, an island in Aegean Sea
TERMINUS, Roman divinity presiding over boundaries and frontiers
TERPSICHORE, Muse of dancing
TERRA, goddess of the earth
TETHYS, goddess of the sea
TEUCER, ancient king of the Trojans
THALIA, one of the three Graces
THAMYRIS, Thracian bard, who challenged the Muses to competition in singing, and, defeated, was blinded
THAUKT, Loki disguised as a hag
THEBES, city founded by Cadmus and capital of Boeotia
THEMIS, female Titan, law counsellor of Jove
THEODORA, sister of Prince Leo
THERON, one of Diana's dogs
THERSITES, a brawler, killed by Achilles
THESCELUS, foe of Perseus, turned to stone by sight of Gorgon's head
THESEUM, Athenian temple in honor of Theseus
THESEUS, son of Aegeus and Aethra, King of Athens, a great hero of many adventures
THESSALY
THESTIUS, father of Althea
THETIS, mother of Achilles
THIALFI, Thor's servant
THIS'BE, Babylonian maiden beloved by Pyramus
THOR, the thunderer, of Norse mythology, most popular of the gods
THRACE
THRINA'KIA, island pasturing Hyperion's cattle, where Ulysses landed, but, his men killing some cattle for food, their ship was wrecked by lightning
THRYM, giant, who buried Thor's hammer
THUCYDIDES, Greek historian
TIBER, river flowing through Rome
TIBER, FATHER, god of the river
TIGRIS, river
TINTADEL, castle of, residence of King Mark of Cornwall
TIRESIAS, a Greek soothsayer
TISIPHONE, one of the Furies
TITANS, the sons and daughters of Uranus (Heaven) and Gaea (Earth), enemies of the gods and overcome by them
TITHONUS, Trojan prince
TITYUS, giant in Tartarus
TMOLUS, a mountain god
TORTOISE, second avatar of Vishnu
TOURS, battle of (See Abdalrahman and Charles Martel)
TOXEUS, brother of Melauger's mother, who snatched from Atalanta her hunting trophy, and was slain by Melauger, who had awarded it to her
TRIAD, the Hindu
TRIADS, Welsh poems
TRIMURTI, Hindu Triad
TRIPTOL'EMUS, son of Celeus , and who, made great by Ceres, founded her worship in Eleusis
TRISTRAM, one of Arthur's knights, husband of Isoude of the White Hands, lover of Isoude the Fair.
TRITON, a demi god of the sea, son of Poseidon (Neptune) and Amphitrite
TROEZEN, Greek city of Argolis
TROJAN WAR
TROJANOVA, New Troy, City founded in Britain (See Brutus, and Lud)
TROPHONIUS, oracle of, in Boeotia
TROUBADOURS, poets and minstrels of Provence, in Southern France
TROUVERS', poets and minstrels of Northern France
TROY, city in Asia Minor, ruled by King Priam, whose son, Paris, stole away Helen, wife of Menelaus the Greek, resulting in the Trojan War and the destruction of Troy
TROY, fall of
TURNUS, chief of the Rutulianes in Italy, unsuccessful rival of Aeneas for Lavinia
TURPIN, Archbishop of Rheims
TURQUINE, Sir, a great knight, foe of Arthur, slain by Sir Launcelot
TYPHON, one of the giants who attacked the gods, were defeated, and imprisoned under Mt. Aetna
TYR, Norse god of battles
TYRE, Phoenician city governed by Dido
TYRIANS
TYRRHEUS, herdsman of King Turnus in Italy, the slaying of whose daughter's stag aroused war upon Aeneas and his companions
UBERTO, son of Galafron
ULYSSES (Greek, Odysseus), hero of the Odyssey
UNICORN, fabled animal with a single horn
URANIA, one of the Muses, a daughter of Zeus by Mnemosyne
URDUR, one of the Norns or Fates of Scandinavia, representing the Past
USK, British river
UTGARD, abode of the giant Utgard Loki
UTGARD LO'KI, King of the Giants (See Skrymir)
UTHER (Uther Pendragon), king of Britain and father of Arthur.
UWAINE, knight of Arthur's court
VAISSYAS, Hindu caste of agriculturists and traders
VALHALLA, hall of Odin, heavenly residence of slain heroes
VALKYRIE, armed and mounted warlike virgins, daughters of the gods (Norse), Odin's messengers, who select slain heroes for Valhalla and serve them at their feasts
VE, brother of Odin
VEDAS, Hindu sacred Scriptures
VENEDOTIA, ancient name for North Wales
VENUS (Aphrodite), goddess of beauty
VENUS DE MEDICI, famous antique statue in Uffizi Gallery, Florence, Italy
VERDANDI, the Present, one of the Norns
VERTUMNUS, god of the changing seasons, whose varied appearances won the love of Pomona
VESTA, daughter of Cronos and Rhea, goddess of the homefire, or hearth
VESTALS, virgin priestesses in temple of Vesta
VESUVIUS, Mount, volcano near Naples
VILLAINS, peasants in the feudal scheme
VIGRID, final battle-field, with destruction of the gods ind their enemies, the sun, the earth, and time itself
VILI, brother of Odin and Ve
VIRGIL, celebrated Latin poet (See Aeneid)
VIRGO, constellation of the Virgin, representing Astraea, goddess of innocence and purity
VISHNU, the Preserver, second of the three chief Hindu gods
VIVIANE, lady of magical powers, who allured the sage Merlin and imprisoned him in an enchanted wood
VOLSCENS, Rutulian troop leader who killed Nisus and Euryalus
VOLSUNG, A SAGA, an Icelandic poem, giving about the same legends as the Nibelungen Lied
VORTIGERN, usurping King of Britain, defeated by Pendragon 390, 397
VULCAN (Greek, Haephestus), god of fire and metal working, with forges under Aetna, husband of Venus
VYA'SA, Hindu sage
WAIN, the, constellation
WELLGUNDA, one of the Rhine-daughters.
WELSH LANGUAGE
WESTERN OCEAN
WINDS, THE
WINTER
WODEN, chief god in the Norse mythology, Anglo Saxon for Odin.
WOGLINDA, one of the Rhine-daughters.
WOMAN, creation of.
WOODEN HORSE, the, filled with armed men, but left outside of Troy as a pretended offering to Minerva when the Greeks feigned to sail away, accepted by the Trojans (See Sinon, and Laocoon), brought into the city, and at night emptied of the hidden Greek soldiers, who destroyed the town.
WOOD NYMPHS
WOTAN, Old High German form of Odin.
XANTHUS, river of Asia Minor.
YAMA, Hindu god of the Infernal Regions.
YEAR, THE
YGDRASIL, great ash-tree, supposed by Norse mythology to support the universe.
YMIR, giant, slain by Odin.
YNYWL, Earl, host of Geraint, father of Enid.
YORK, Britain.
YSERONE, niece of Arthur, mother of Caradoc.
YSPA DA DEN PEN'KAWR, father of Olwen.
ZENDAVESTA, Persian sacred Scriptures.
ZEPHYRUS, god of the South wind.
ZERBINO, a knight, son of the king of Scotland.
ZETES, winged warrior, companion of Theseus.
ZETHUS, son of Jupiter and Antiope, brother of Amphion. See Dirce.
ZEUS, See JUPITER.
ZOROASTER, founder of the Persian religion, which was dominant in Western Asia from about 550 BC to about 650 AD, and is still held by many thousands in Persia and in India
All books are sourced from Project Gutenberg